Matenda a shuga ndi amodzi mwa matenda aakulu omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusowa kwa hormone insulin. Matenda oterowa amachititsa kusokonezeka kwa ntchito za ziwalo zambiri ndi machitidwe, zomwe pamapeto pake zimayika imfa.
Kuphwanya kwachilendo kwa mitundu yonse ya metabolism kuphatikizapo, kumayambitsa matenda opatsirana ndi matenda a shuga omwe ali m'kugonjetsedwa kwadzaza kwa mitsempha yaing'ono ndi yaikulu ya magazi. Pankhani imeneyi, nyumbayo imasweka ndipo makoma a sitimawo awonongeka.
Izi zimachitika mu thupi la odwala matenda a shuga, m'matenda 90% amachititsa kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya za chipolopolo cha diso. Iye, ngati mtundu wa matenda a shuga, amagwiritsa ntchito "matenda a shuga", omwe ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yoopsa kwambiri ya matendawa.
Zizindikiro ndi zimayambitsa matenda a shuga
Matendawa amadziwika ndi matenda a shuga aatali , koma kuzindikira kwadzidzidzi kwa matendawa kumapereka njira zothandizira kuti mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo uwonongeke m'tsogolomu, kuphwanya maonekedwe a matenda a shuga ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimalepheretsa.
Pankhani ya matenda a shuga, pali chiopsezo chachikulu cha khungu, lomwe limapezeka kawirikawiri odwala matenda a shuga kusiyana ndi anthu omwe alibe shuga.
Zina mwa zifukwa zikuluzikulu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda odwala matenda a shuga ndi awiri:
- hyperglycemia - kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi;
- chitetezo cha mthupi.
Choyamba, magwero a matenda ndi kuphwanya ma microcirculation. Mitsempha yotchedwa hemato-retinal, yomwe imayenera kuteteza minofu ya retina kuchokera ku mamolekyu aakulu a mitsempha ya magazi, sichitsatira ntchito zake, kukhala yosungunuka, ndipo zotsatira zake ndizozolowera zinthu zosafunika ku retina.
Chizindikiro cha matendawa ndi chonchi:
- Vasodilation.
- Kuwonjezeka kwa magazi.
- Kugonjetsa maselo ofiira a mesenchymal.
- Kugwidwa kwa capillaries.
- Zowonjezera pakulowa.
- Kutuluka kwa zida zotsutsana.
- Kukula kwa mitsempha ya m'magazi.
- Kuchepetsa.
- Kukhazikitsidwa - zowonetserako zimatha.
Pomwe polojekitiyi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, wodwalayo amaona kuti kuchepa kwa thupi kumakhala kochepa, zomwe ndi chizindikiro cha kunyalanyaza matendawa. Odwala 2% okha ndi osowa masomphenya 100%.
Miyeso ya matenda obwera chifukwa cha shuga
- Kusagwirizana ndi matenda a shuga (gawo 1) - wodwalayo ali ndi microaneurysms ndi magazi omwe amapezeka pakatikati pa fundus. Pachifukwa ichi, edema ya retina imayang'anizana pambali ya ziwiya zazikulu kapena pakati.
- Matenda opatsirana kwambiri a shuga (siteji 2) - wodwalayo ali ndi exudates olimba komanso microvascular, komanso anomouses oopsa.
- Kuchulukitsa kwa matenda a shuga (siteji 3) - mpukutu wa mitsempha ya optic imadzaza ndi mitsempha ya mitsempha, kutaya magazi kumachitika mu vitreous. Zombo zatsopano zimakhala ndi mipanda yochepa kwambiri, ndipo izi zimayambitsa mitsempha yowonjezera, yomwe imayambitsa mphamvu ya retina.
Kuchiza kwa matenda a shuga
Chithandizo cha matendawa chikuchitidwa motsogoleredwa ndi akatswiri awiri - katswiri wamaphunziro otchedwa endocrinologist ndi ophthalmologist.
Mankhwala odwala matenda a shuga
Pakati pa mankhwala ochizira matenda, mavitamini amagwiritsidwa ntchito, popeza matenda opatsirana amagazi omwe amachititsa kuti matenda a shuga asinthe, akuphatikizapo kusowa kwa mavitamini ndi ma microelements.
Perekani zovuta za vitamini B, komanso P, C ndi E. Mavitamini atatu otsiriza amalembedwa ndi maphunziro m'mwezi umodzi 4 pachaka. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi angioprotectors, normalizing ndi dongosolo:
- Mapuloteni;
- Zakudya;
- Doxium.
Gawo 3 limasonyeza kugwiritsa ntchito laser photocoagulation.
Kuchiza kwa mankhwala amtundu wodwala matenda a shuga
Chifukwa cha chiwopsezo cha matenda a shuga m'thupi losokonezeka, zikutanthauza kuti mankhwala othandiza kwambiri komanso othandizira kuti athetse chithandizo chake ndikumvera zakudya.
Mafuta ndi ofunikira kuchepetsa, koma shuga, kupanikizana, maswiti - chakudya chilichonse chosavuta kukudya - muyenera kusiya.
Pamodzi ndi izi, m'pofunika kuwonjezera nsomba, kanyumba tchizi ndi oatmeal, zomwe zili ndi lipotropic substances.