Kawirikawiri, alimi amakondwera ndi nkhani yotchuka monga kubzala nkhaka mu kutentha kwa polycarbonate, chifukwa masamba obiriwira ndiwo mankhwala oyambirira komanso omwe amayembekezera nthawi yayitali. Kukulitsa mosavuta pakhoma, kumene polycarbonate imathandiza kukonzekera microclimate kuti msanga ukule msanga. Njirayi ili ndi zinsinsi zenizeni zopezera zokolola zabwino.
Kubzala nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha - kukonzekera
Malo abwino ogwiritsira ntchito mabedi akhoza kukhala malo ogona, makamaka malo omwe ali ndi mapiri otsetsereka. Kubzala mbande za nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha zopangidwa ndi polycarbonate kumachitika mosasunthika, kulemeretsa nthaka, nthaka. Choyamba, zakuthupi zimasankhidwa. Zomera zobiriwira ndizoyenera kudzipangira mungu, mwachitsanzo - "Caprice", "Halle", "Marinda". Ndi bwino kugula mbewu zomwe zimasinthidwa ndi boma la kutentha. Ndiye m'pofunika kuyamba kukonzekera wowonjezera kutentha, nthaka ndi mbewu.
Malo oti mubzala nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha
Nthaka chifukwa chodzala nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha zopangidwa ndi polycarbonate ndizoyamba kuberekedwa ndi kusamalidwa. Pachifukwa ichi, ndibwino kuti mutenge izi:
- M'dzinja, zomera zonse zimachotsedwa pa webusaitiyi. M'nthaka pakukumba, manyowa atsopano amayamba - 10-15 makilogalamu / m 2 .
- Kubzala nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha kwa mafuta kumaphatikizidwa ndi chithandizo cha substrate ndi fungicides - Phytosporin, Phytocide.
- Mu kasupe nthaka imamasulidwa mozama ndi masentimita 20, 2 tbsp. l phulusa, kuphatikizapo 2 tsp yachilengedwe superphosphate pa 1 mamita awiri . Malowa amathiridwa ndi biostimulator Energen - 1 capsule imasungunuka mu chidebe cha madzi kutenthedwa kufika 50 ° C, ndiye malita 2-3 a momwe akugwiritsira ntchito amagawira pa 1 m 2 .
- Chikhalidwe sichimakonda nyengo yozizira, mabedi "ofunda" ndi abwino kwa iwo. Nthaka imapindula ndi manyowa a madzi - masamba omwe agwa, powaphimba mozama masentimita 30. Pakuvunditsa mfundo, bedi lidzatenthedwa kuchokera pansi.
Kukonzekera wowonjezera kutentha kwa nkhaka yobzala
Malamulo odzala nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha opangidwa ndi ma polycarbonate ya mafoni akuyitanitsa kutayika koyambirira kwa kapangidwe kameneko kumayambiriro kwa nyengo. Ntchito yomangayi imatetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ndikofunika kuchepetsa magalamu 400 a mankhwala mu chidebe chonse cha madzi, kuyeretsa zonse mkati mwa wowonjezera kutentha - chimango, joists, zothandizira. Njira iyi imakulolani kuti muphe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kukonzekera mbewu za nkhaka kubzala mu wowonjezera kutentha
Musanadzalemo nkhaka mu kutentha kwa polycarbonate, mbeu iyenera kukhala yokonzeka: tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikuyimera. Izi ndi zofunika kuti nthawi yokolola ifike posachedwa. Kubzala nkhaka mu kutentha kwa polycarbonate - kukonzekera mbewu:
- Mbeu za disinfection zilowerere kwa theka la ora mu manganese. Chifukwa cha disinfection, hydrogen peroxide imakhalanso yoyenera - imatentha mpaka 40 ° C ndipo mbewu zimaloledwa kuimirira madzi kwa mphindi 8;
- pambuyo poti inoculum yasambitsidwa ndi madzi;
- Nkhumba zimayikidwa pa cheesecloth wothira, tsiku lotsatira iwo amawombera ndi ziphuphu.
Kodi kubzala nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha?
Musanadzalemo nkhaka mu galasi yamapangidwa ndi polycarbonate, amaphunzira malamulo a teknoloji yaulimi, nthawi ndi kufesa. Kulima kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi mbande za mbeu zomwe zisanayambe kumera kapena mbeu zimamera pansi. Pachiyambi choyamba, ziphuphuzo zakhala zamphamvu komanso zathanzi, m'chiwiri chachiwiri kusamalira mphukira kumatuluka pansi. Mipatayi imakhala yokonzedwa ndi zingwe za m 2m kukula kuti m'tsogolo zikhale zowonongeka.
Kubzala nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi mbewu
Nthawi ikafika ndipo nthaka ikuwotha, mbeu yofesa imafesedwa. Mmene mungabzala nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi mbewu:
- nthaka pa bedi ndi podpushivaetsya, yoimbidwa, mowolowa manja wothira;
- Malinga ndi ndondomeko yoyenda, mabowo amapangidwa kuya 25 cm;
- Mu dzenje mumapanga makapu ochepa, osakaniza ndi nthaka, ndi makala amodzi;
- Mu dzenje lililonse mbeu ziwiri zimabzalidwa, nyongolosi yamphamvu kwambiri imachoka;
- Mabedi amadzazidwa ndi dziko lapansi (iwo sali ophatikizidwa) ndipo amapatsidwa mowolowa manja ndi madzi ofunda.
Kodi kubzala nkhaka mbande mu wowonjezera kutentha?
Kudyetsa kwa nkhaka mumapanga a polycarbonate kumachitidwa ndi mmera, zimakhala zovuta kuona mbewu kale. Pofuna kuwombera mphukira, masabata atatu ndi okwanira. Kukulitsa ndi kosavuta m'zitsulo zing'onozing'ono, miphika ya peat kapena makapu apulasitiki omwe angayambe. Momwe mungamere bwino nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha kwa ma polycarbonate podutsa pamera:
- Mphukira idzamera bwino mu gawo lapansi mofanana ndi magawo a peat, utuchi, utukudzi wopindulitsa nthaka ndi humus;
- Mbeu zimabzalidwa mu chidebe, zimakula ndi 2.5 masentimita, kuthirira madzi otentha nthawi zonse;
- chodzala chivundikiro ndi cellophane ndikuyika malo otentha otentha;
- nyengo yabwino ya kutentha - 26-28 ° C;
- pamene majeremusi amathyoledwa, cellophane imachotsedwa, boma limayikidwa mkati mwa 20 ° C. Choncho mukhoza kupewa kutambasula mphukira;
- Kusamala kumakhala kuthirira moyenera, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza "Agricola kwa mbande";
- Pambuyo pa masiku 14 akuwombera amachotsedwa - kwa sabata iwo amapanga boma pa tsiku + 16-18 ° C, + 13-15 ° C usiku;
- pamene masamba 3-4 atulutsa timapepala timapanga ali ndi zaka 20 mpaka 25, mphukira zimabzalidwa pansi;
- m'mabowo omwe anafufuzidwa molingana ndi chiwembucho, osakanizidwa ndi kompositi ya pansi, kenaka imbani mu "Effeton", kutenga 3 tbsp. L ndi chidebe chonse cha madzi ofunda ndi madzi okwanira lita imodzi pa dzenje;
- Mbewu imayikidwa mozungulira kwa masamba a cotyledon, osati kukulitsa kwambiri zimayambira;
- mbande madzi ndi kuwaza ndi utuchi kapena udzu.
Kutalikirana pakati pa nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha mutabzala
Chizoloŵezi chodziwika chodzala nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha opangidwa ndi ma polycarbonate ya ma cell: 100 cm mzere mzere, 50 cm kupitako ndi 40 cm - mtunda pakati pa zitsanzo. Pa 1 mamita awiri a malowa ayenera kukhala palibe zitsamba zopitirira 5. Mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi m'lifupi mwake mamita awiri ndibwino kwambiri ndi mzere wa mizere iwiri yomwe ili ndi njira pakati pawo. Ndi bwino kupanga mabedi "ofunda" 35 cm pamwamba ndi manyowa kapena kompositi mkati. Masiku asanu ndi awiri asanayambe kukonzekera kubzala, iwo ali ndi polyethylene, yomwe imakhala ndi kutentha ndi chinyezi m'nthaka.
Kodi ndingaikeko nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha?
Kubzala mbande za nkhaka mu kutentha kwa polycarbonate kungapangidwe pafupi ndi mbewu zina. Okhala moyandikana nawo adzakhala: Peking kabichi, mpiru, beet oyambirira. Anabzala pafupi fennel adzateteza motsutsana ndi majeremusi. Chabwino pitani ndiwo zamasamba m'mipata ya sipinachi, saladi. Zimadzutsa kukula kwa mizu. Anyezi ndi adyo adzakhalanso bwino komanso aziteteza chikhalidwe chawo ku matenda a bakiteriya. Makamaka amatha kulipira nyemba zatsitsumzu. Imabala nyemba ndipo imapereka nthaka ndi nayitrogeni. Nyemba zimayikidwa pakati pa mizera kapena pambali pa kukwera.
Kodi kuthirira nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha mutabzala?
Zelents monga malo ozizira, amafunika kupereka ulimi wothirira. Kuthetsa dampness ndi kudutsa dziko lapansi sikofunikira. Kusamba madzi:
- Amachitidwa ndi madzi otentha - kuzizira kumamangitsa kukula kwa zomera ndikupititsa ku matenda a rhizome;
- kuthirira - m'mawa kapena madzulo;
- Pa masambawo mtsinjewo suyenera kugwa, kuti usakankhire maluwa ku zofooka;
- kuthirira mbewu za nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha mutabzala mpaka maluwa zikhale zochepa: 4 malita a madzi / m 2 . Mmawu awa, chitsamba sichidzakula masamba ambiri ndipo chidzapanga ovary;
- ndi kuyamba kwa maluwa ndipo nthawi yonse ya fruiting kuthirira ikuwonjezeka: patatha tsiku limodzi mu 9-12 malita a madzi / m 2 .
Feteleza pamene mubzala nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha
Kwa nthawi yoyenera komanso oyenerera kudyetsa mutabzala nkhaka mu kutentha kwa polycarbonate kumawunikira. Pochita mizu ina ndi feteleza kunja, ndiwo zamasamba zimakula ndi zokoma. Kuwonjezera pa nkhaka pamene mubzala mu wowonjezera kutentha wopangidwa ndi polycarbonate:
- Choyamba chimapangidwa pamene mphukira zingapo zikuwonekera pa mphukira (masabata angapo mutabzala). Pangani mawonekedwewa: 20 g a superphosphate awiri, 15 g wa sulfate ya potassium, 10-15 g wa ammonium nitrate pa 10 malita a madzi. Voliyumu ndi yokwanira kwa tchire 10-15.
- Pambuyo masiku 20 mu siteji ya misa maluwa ndi zokongoletsa m'mimba mwake ntchito organic: theka la lita imodzi yamadzi mullein ndi 1 tbsp. l nitrofoski ku chidebe chonse cha madzi. 0,5 g wa boric acid, 200 g wa phulusa ndi 0,4 g ya manganese sulphate akhoza kuwonjezeredwa kwa anapanga yankho. Mankhwalawa ndi 3 l / m 2 .
- Pambuyo masiku 15, kubwezeretsedwa kwachitatu ndikofunikira. Pachifukwa ichi, zinthu zakuthupi: 2.5 tbsp. Mullein pa chidebe chonse cha madzi. Chizolowezi ndi 8 l / m 2 .
- Patatha masabata angapo, chakudya chachitatu chibwerezedwa.
- Zovala zapamwamba za Foliar zimathandiza pa chikhalidwe. Ngati mphukira ikukula bwino, ndiye kuti 150 g ya urea pamodzi ndi chidebe cha madzi, yomwe imadziwitsidwa ndi gawo la mbeu, idzaloledwa. Kuzaza chitsamba ndi kufufuza zinthu pamaso pa fruiting (makamaka ngati masamba akutembenukira chikasu), mukhoza kupanga ulimi wothirira kunja kwa chitsamba ndi maonekedwe: 60 g ophweka superphosphate, 1 g ya boric acid, 30 g wa potaziyamu nitrate pa chidebe chonse cha madzi.
Maganizo obzala nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha
Kutentha kwakukulu kwa kulima nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi 20-25 ° C. Pa 15 ° C, zomera zimakula bwino ndipo zimasiya kupanga ovary. Maganizo obzala nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha zopangidwa ndi polycarbonate:
- M'nyengo yozizira yozizira ndi Kutentha, mbewu za mbande ziyenera kubzalidwa pakati pa February;
- Kubzala kwa nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha wopangidwa ndi polycarbonate ndi mabedi "ofunda" amachitidwe kumayambiriro kwa April;
- mu wowonjezera kutentha popanda kutenthetsa ndi "mabedi" ofunda, omwe amatha kutenthedwa pokhapokha ngati dzuwa likuwononga, kubzala kumakonzedwa kumayambiriro kwa May.