Diso la diso la umunthu ndilovuta kwambiri "chida". Imayimilidwa ndi epithelium, boumenovaya ndi Descemetian membranes, stroma ndi endothelium. Korneal ulcer ndi kuwonongeka kwa zigawo zakuya zamatenda. Pa malo okhudzidwa, chilakolako (munga) chimapangidwa.
Korneal chilonda chimayambitsa
Zinthu zotsatirazi zingakhumudwitse maonekedwe a matenda awa:
- kuvulaza kwa diso;
- Kuwonongeka kwa cornea ndi mankhwala owopsa kapena zowotcha kwambiri;
- zotsatira za kutulukira kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mavairasi ndi bowa;
- kuuma kwa maso a maso chifukwa cha kusowa ma vitamini A ndi B kapena matenda a ubongo;
- kugwiritsa ntchito kosagwiritsidwa ntchito kosagwira ntchito yoteteza thupi komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo, opangidwa ngati madontho.
Zilonda zam'mimba zingayambidwe chifukwa chosavala bwino makilogalamu ndi zolakwika powasamalira. Njira, zokonzedwa kuti zithetse masomphenya, zingayambitse matenda osakanikirana kwambiri. Pakapita nthawi, padzakhala kuphulika kwakukulu, komwe kumadzakhalanso zilonda zam'mimba. Ntchito zamakono zatsopano zopanga opaleshoni zimapangitsa kuti vutoli lichitike.
Korneal chilonda - zizindikiro
Matendawa ali ndi zizindikiro zina. Kotero, chilonda pa diso chikutsatiridwa ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- zowawa zochokera ku kuoneka kwa kukoloka kwa nthaka ndikuwonjezeka ndi kukula kwa matenda;
- kuwonongeka kwa masomphenya chifukwa chakuti minofu yomwe ili pafupi ndi kukula kwa nthaka ikukula;
- chizindikiro photophobia ndi mwatsatanetsatane .
Chilonda chamagazi chimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi izi:
- M'kati mwa matendawa , mawonekedwe ovuta kapena osatha.
- Kuchuluka kwake kwa khungu kumakhala kozama kapena kosaya.
- Pa malo oyendetsa malo - padera, pakati kapena pamtunda.
- Chifukwa choyambitsa - mabakiteriya, parasitic, fungal kapena osati chifukwa cha matenda.
Zinyama zakutchire zilonda
Matendawa akhoza kukhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda:
- pneumococcus;
- staphylococcus aureus;
- streptococcus ndi tizilombo tina.
Matendawa amadziwika ndi kukula kwakukulu. Chilonda chotchedwa corneal chilonda chimalowa mofulumira. Pambuyo pake pamakhala kufalikira kwakukulu kwa matendawa. Pali china cholowera, chomwe sichikupita patsogolo. Ichi ndi malo ovuta kwambiri. Pano pali njira yothandizira ndi machiritso. Pa milandu yoopsa, iris ndi zilonda zakutchire za cornea zingagwe ngakhale. Komabe, nthawi zambiri amagulitsidwa ndi munga.
Purulent corneal chilonda
Kereatitis yotereyi ikupezeka m'malo achiwiri - amavomerezedwa ndi zilonda zokha. Izi zilonda zam'mimba zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kuopsa kwa kutaya ndi kutsika. Kaŵirikaŵiri kumabweretsa kutayika kwa masomphenya ndi kutayika kwa diso. Ulonda wa bakiteriya wa cornea ukhoza kukhala ndi chitukuko chosiyana:
- kuvulala;
- conjunctivitis;
- matenda a maso
- ntchito yochitidwa ku cornea;
- zosankha zosalongosola ndi zina zotero.
Pachimake chilonda cha cornea
Ndi zotupa zotupa, zomwe sizowopsa. Zilonda zam'mimba zimayamba ndi poizoni wa bakiteriya. Kawirikawiri matenda oterewa amapezeka mwa iwo amene amavala ma lens. Zingakhale zozizwitsa, koma odwala amadandaula za kuunika kwa maso ndi kupweteka. Kuzilowera kokha kumakhala kochepa (kukula kwake kumasiyanasiyana kuchokera 2 mpaka 10 mm). Yamaliza.
Korneal m'mphepete mwa chilonda
Mtundu uwu wa keratitis umakhudzidwa ndi njira yotupa imene imafalikira kuchokera m'mphepete mwa maso kapena kumataya. Chilonda chotere mwa munthu chimakhala ndi zotsatirazi:
- Mapangidwe a mkati amalowa mkati, kenaka amalumikizana mu keratitis imodzi.
- Ngati khungu lakuya lisatseke maso mokwanira, cornea imauma, maselo samapeza chakudya chokwanira. Zotsatira zake, imvi imalowa mkati.
Perforated corneal chilonda
Mtundu uwu wa keratitis uli ndi chidziwitso chake. Chilonda cha diso mu munthu chimapitirira ku mbali zonse za cornea. Zimachokera kumbuyo kosalekeza. Ngati kufufuza mosadalirika kwa vuto kapena kusamalidwa chithandizo pa malo a keratitis, kuphulika kofiira kumapangidwa. Wodwala, yemwe ali ndi matenda oterowo, amakumana ndi khungu.
Kuchiza kwa chilonda cham'mimba
Thandizo la matenda oterowo liyenera kukhala lovuta ndi kuchitidwa kuchipatala. Maphunzirowa amatha masabata awiri mpaka asanu. Ikuwonetseratu mankhwala ochizira zilonda, omwe ayenera kuphatikizapo malo, systemic ndi physiotherapy. Chifukwa cha kugwirizana kwa zochita ndi chiyeneretso chapamwamba cha ogwira ntchito zachipatala, wodwalayo amachira mwamsanga. Mankhwalawa akuphatikizapo zotsatirazi:
- instillation antibacterial (Chloramphenicol, Ciprofloxacin) ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo (diclofenac sodium) mu conjunctiva;
- kuyang'anira mankhwala opha tizilombo (Lincomycin, Gentamicin);
- instillation wa glucocorticoids (dexamethasone);
- instillation ndi mankhwala osokoneza ana (Atropine);
- kuyambitsa mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa kubwezeretsedwa kwa zida zowonongeka (Methyl ethylpyridinol ndi Dexpanthenol).
Chithandizo choyenera chimaphatikizapo kukhazikitsidwa kwa mankhwala otsatirawa:
- njira zowonongeka (Dextrose + Ascorbic acid);
- mankhwala odana ndi kutupa (Nimesulide);
- kulamulira kosokoneza ma antibayotiki (cephalosporins kapena aminopenicillins);
- ndi machiritso osauka a zilonda, mankhwala osokoneza bongo amagwiritsidwa ntchito;
- ngati cornea imakhala yovuta, glucocorticoids imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Pa milandu yovuta kwambiri, pamene mankhwala osokoneza bongo alibe mphamvu, amayamba kuchita opaleshoni. Panthawiyi, chipinda cham'tsogolo cha maso chimatsukidwa. Mankhwala ophera majeremusi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi. Komanso keratoplasty ikuchitika. Pachizolowezi ichi, kubwezeretsedwa kwa cornea ya pathologically yachitidwa.
Njira zothandizira thupi zimayimilira ndi njira izi:
- electrophoresis pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo;
- maginito;
- ophonophoresis, pamene ma enzyme (Lidase, Fibrinolysin) amagwiritsidwa ntchito, kutulutsa fibrin ndikupereka ku ziphuphu zosautsa;
- antibacterial trays.
Kuchita ndi physiotherapy. Zina mwa njirazi zikhoza kusiyanitsidwa motere:
- Kulimbikitsana kwapang'onopang'ono kwa dongosolo la endocrine, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa cortisol ndi mahomoni ena omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zamatsenga zamatsenga m'thupi.
- Zotsatira pa malo okhudzidwa ndi mafupipafupi omwe alipo panopa.
Zosakaniza zowononga chilonda
Pochiza matendawa, keratoplasty imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi ndizodzikongoletsa zodzoladzola. Njirayi imayendetsedwa m'maso, pamene chithandizo cha zilonda zakutchire sichipatsa zotsatira zoyenera. Pa opaleshoniyi, mmero uli wokondwa ndipo umalowetsedwa ndi minofu yowonekera. Ngati malo oyera amakhala kunja kwa zone ya trepanation, amadziwika ndi mascara apadera. Njirayi ndi yofanana ndi chithunzi.
Serums pochiza zilonda zam'mimba, zowonongeka
Pochiza matendawa, magalimoto odzigwiritsira ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mankhwalawa amapangidwa ndi ma serumswa ofanana kwambiri ndi madzi a misozi. Nazi zotsatirazi:
- chiwonongeko cha epithelial factor;
- albumin;
- mankhwala;
- fibronectin;
- alpha-2 macroglobulin;
- insulini-monga kukula-1-ndi zina zotero.
Pali njira zambiri zopangira mankhwala oterewa. Mmodzi wa iwo amapereka kuwonjezera kwa maantibayotiki ku mankhwala. Komabe, nkofunika kuti seramu ikhale yosungidwa bwino. Mazira a ultraviolet ali oopsa pa zigawo zina (imodzi mwa iwo ndi vitamini A). Sungani seramu mu malo amdima, ozizira. Kuchita bwino kwambiri kwa machiritso komwe mankhwalawa ali nawo kumatithandiza kuti tiganize kuti purulent corneal zilonda zidzachotsedwa - mankhwalawa adzadutsa opanda mavuto.