Kodi mungasankhe bwanji diso la DSLR - momwe mungasankhire lens pa ntchito zanu?

Kuyambira ntchito ya wojambula zithunzi, kapena kungogula galasi kunyumba kwa nthawi yoyamba, muyenera kudziwa kuti pamtengo wapatali wa zithunzi ndikofunika kupeza njira yabwino, komanso lens. Momwe mungasankhire lens yomwe ili yabwino pafunso lanu si ntchito yosavuta.

Chipangizo cha lens ya kamera yodziwika bwino

Musanapitirize kupita ku funso la momwe mungasankhire kamera kwa kamera, tiyeni tiyankhule mwatsatanetsatane za momwe disolo lirili, chifukwa chake likufunika, ndipo chifukwa chake liyenera kuyankhidwa ndizofunika kwambiri pazomwe zimasankhidwa. Cholinga chachikulu cha disolo ndikutenga kuwala, kuziika ndi kuziyika pa galasi la kamera. Nchifukwa chiyani tikusowa kupanga mapulogalamu ambirimbiri, ngati imodzi yokha ikukwanira kukwaniritsa ntchitoyi?

Pamene kuwala kukudutsa mu disolo, timapeza mazenera ambiri, omwe angasokoneze khalidwe la chithunzicho. Choncho, pofuna kukonza kuyatsa, kuwala kwambiri kumaphatikizidwa, kupatsa lens zofunika magawo - kutsegula, kutalika kwa kutalika. Chiwerengero cha zinthu zamakono chikhoza kufika khumi ndi awiri kapena kuposerapo. Amagetsi amasiku ano akuphatikizapo njira zothandizira zomwe zimapereka chidwi, kuwongolera, ndi kuyendetsa khungu. Nkhaniyi imagwirizanitsa zinthu zonse ndikukwera kamera ya SLR.

Kodi ndi lens lothandizira pa kamera ya SLR?

Ikamera yamakina ndi mtundu wa msilikali wadziko lonse, omwe, malinga ndi makhalidwe ake, akhoza kuthana ndi ntchito zambiri - kujambula zithunzi, studio, malo, zolimba. Ndikofunika kuika lenti yakuthamanga kwambiri, ndipo kamera yanu idzapanga zithunzi zodabwitsa ndi kutanthauzira kwakukulu ndi kuya kwake kwa munda, "fisheye" lens idzakuthandizira kupanga zithunzi zokongola zapamwamba. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, kuti muthe kuwombera, simukusowa kusintha zida, muyenera kudziwa kuti ndi liti lomwe mungasankhe.

Mitundu ya lensera ya SLR makamera

Malingana ndi kalasi yachitsanzo ndi luso, pali mitundu yambiri ya malonda a SLR makamera:

1. Lensulo ya Whale . Lens ili, limene limangokhala likuperekedwa ndi kamera yatsopano ya SLR. Ambiri ojambula oyamba naye akuyamba kudziwana ndi dziko la kujambula. Zokwanira zithunzi za amateur kunyumba, koma sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa kujambula kujambula.
2. Lens ili ndi kutalika kwanthawi zonse . Maselo amenewa, omwe amachititsa kuti nthaka ikhale yaikulu kwambiri ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga kujambula zithunzi, amadziwika kuti "zithunzi" kapena "kukonza".
3. Lens ya macro . Majekensi amasiku ano ali ndi "macro" ntchito, koma kwa akatswiri ojambula zithunzi zazing'ono, zofunikira zenizeni, ndi zotsatira zabwino zingapezeke kokha pothandizidwa ndi lens lalikulu.
4. Lensulo ya telefoni . Chifukwa cha kutalika kwakukulu, mapulogalamu ameneŵa amagwiritsidwa ntchito popopera nyama ndi mbalame kuthengo, komanso zinthu zomwe sitingayandikire kwambiri. Zitsanzo zina zimakhala ndi chithunzi chazithunzi kuti manja a wojambula zithunzi asanjenjete sichiphwanya chithunzi chomwe chimatengedwa kutali kwambiri.
5. Lens , yomwe imadziwika kuti fisheye, imakulolani kuti mulowetse malo ambiri owonetsera, kuti ikhale yoyenera kulanda malo, zojambulajambula kapena zamkati. Ngakhale ndi chithandizo chanu mungapeze mfuti zodabwitsa ndi kupotoza koyambirira.

Makhalidwe a lensera ku SLR makamera

Pokhala ndi gulu laling'ono, funso la momwe mungasankhire lens si lophweka. Sitikuyenera kugula makalenseni abwino a SLR makamera - ngati chipangizo chomwecho ndichapiritsa mtengo, lenti yam'mwamba sizingathe kudziwonetsera yokha. Kodi ndiyenera kumvetsera chiyani posankha diso?

1. Kutalika kwazitali ndi chimodzi mwa zikuluzikulu zomwe zimapanga kuchuluka kwake kwa lens kapena kusokoneza nkhaniyi. Palinso magalasi okhala ndi kutalika kwake, komwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kujambula zithunzi.
2. Kutsegula . Izi zimapangitsa kuti kuwala kuyenera kuyendetsa pamamera a kamera. Mtengo wa malowa umatsimikiziridwa ndi kukula kwake kwa lens kutsegulira, komwe kumatulutsa kuwala kupyolera mu malonda. Makina opatsa kuwala amapereka chithunzi chojambulidwa komanso chakuthwa, kukulolani kuwombera ndi phokoso locheperapo ndi kutseka pang'ono, zomwe zimalepheretsa kusuntha.
3. Chithunzi cholimbitsa . Ma lens wamakono ambiri ali ndi ntchitoyi, kotero chimango sichisokoneza chifukwa cha kunjenjemera kwa manja a wojambula zithunzi. Ntchitoyi ndi yofunikira kwambiri pa lens ndi kutalika kwakukulu.

Kodi mungasankhe bwanji lens kutalika kutalika?

Musanasankhe lens kwa kamera, tiyeni tiyankhule za kamera palokha. Choyimira chachikulu cha "SLR", malinga ndi zomwe timapanga luso la akatswiri kapena msinkhu wa masewera - ndilo kukula kwa masanjidwe. Mu kampeni zamakono zozunziratu zonse zapamwamba zamtunduwu, muzomwe zimakhala zochepa kwambiri komanso zochepa zamtunduwu zimachepetsedwa, mphindi ino imatchedwa "crop factor".

Musanasankhe lenti yolondola, ndi bwino kuganizira kuti disolo limagwira chithunzi chonse, koma zonsezi zidzagwera pamtambo, kapena mbali imodzi yokha imadalira kukula. Zikuoneka kuti pa matrices a mbewu omwe ali mbali ya fanoli amachotsedwa, ndipo chithunzicho chimapanga zambiri kuposa zowonjezera zonse. Choncho, ngati timasankha lenti ya zithunzi, tikhoza kutenga 50mm kuti tipeze malo okwanira 35 mm kwa mbeu.

Posankha khungu lamakono, ndikofunikira kulingalira kukula kwa chiwerengero cha matrix. Kamera ka SLR yowonjezera, diso lopangidwa ndi ultra-wide-angle ("nsomba diso") liyenera kukhala ndi kutalika kwa 7-8 mm mpaka 24, lalitali yazing'ono kwambiri - kuyambira 24 mpaka 35 mm. Ngati tikulimbana ndi chikhulupiliro, mtunda uyenera kuwonjezeka 1.6 times.

Ndi lenti iti yomwe ndi yabwino kusankha?

Tinamvetsetsa bwino lomwe zomwe zimapanga lens, koma momwe mungamvetsere zosiyanasiyana, momwe mungasankhire lens kwa SLR kamera pansi pempho lanu, ngati mudakali oyamba kujambula? Tiye tikulankhulana mwatsatanetsatane za zomwe izi ndi magetsi ena amatha kuchita.

Kodi ndi lens lotani wosankha wojambula zithunzi?

Ngati mukufuna kudziwa kamera ya SLR, zipangizo zamakono siziyenera kugulidwa, ndipo disolo likhale loyenera. Poyamba, mungatenge ma lens awiri - nsomba ya chilengedwe, mzinda, zochitika, ndi zojambula zotsika mtengo. Pulogalamu ya bajeti yowonetsera bajeti ili ndi mphamvu yaikulu ya 1.8, yokwera mtengo kwambiri yokhala ndi mtengo wa 1.4. Chomwe mungasankhe chimadalira mphamvu zanu zachuma. Funso la momwe mungasankhire chofufumitsa cha nsomba sizipezeka - zimabwera ndi kamera.

Kodi ndi lens iti yomwe mungasankhe ku studio?

Mu studio, munthu nthawi zambiri amawombera mokwanira, ndipo malo a chipinda sakhala aakulu nthawi zonse, ndipo malonda otalikirapo sangagwire ntchito kwa ife. Njira yothetsera vutoli, momwe mungasankhire lens kwa SLR kamera mu studio, idzakhala kugula lens ndi kutalika kwa 24 mm. Kuti mukhale ndi mikwingwirima yoyera komanso yokongola, komanso mitundu yowoneka bwino, ndi bwino kugula luso la luso, koma mtengo wake udzakhala wofunika kwambiri.

Kodi ndi lenti iti yomwe mungasankhe chithunzi cha nyumbayo?

Kuwombera kunyumba, makamaka ngati banja lili ndi ana ang'onoang'ono, nthawi zambiri nkofunika kupanga chimango mofulumira, popanda kusintha kwanthawi yaitali komanso kosavuta. Zolinga zoterezi, zowonjezereka zimathandiza kuti zithunzizi zikhale zamoyo, zokongola komanso zapamwamba. Ngati mukufuna zina kuchokera ku zithunzi, mukhoza kugula lensera. Mitundu ina ya magalasi a SLR makamera sangagwiritsidwe ntchito bwino kunyumba.

Momwe mungasankhire lens kwa kujambula kujambulidwa?

Sankhani lenti yamafoto sivuta, ndipo pali njira ziwiri. Njira yoyamba ndiyo kupeza malonda ndi kutalika kwake kwa 35 mm kapena 50 mm (njira yachiwiri ndi yotchuka kwambiri). Pogwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zapamwamba kwambiri, ndi bwino kumvetsetsa zowonjezera 1.2 za mndandanda wa L - zifanizirozi zidzakhala zozama kwambiri, zooneka bwino komanso zovuta kwambiri. Mtengo wotsika mtengo - 1.4, womwe umathandizanso kuti muzisangalala ndi kujambula zithunzi.

Lens lachiwiri lopanga zithunzi zokongola ndi lens ndi kutalika kwa 24-70 mm, zomwe pamtengo wapatali zimapereka kuunika kwakukulu ndi chiwonetsero choyipa. Kuwonjezera apo, disoli ndiloti lingagwiritsidwe ntchito bwino pa studio kuwombera, kusokonekera kwa njira iyi ndizovuta kwa zithunzi zojambula kuchokera kutali.

Kodi mungasankhe bwanji lens pofuna kufufuza phunziro?

Kafukufuku wa phunziro angakhale osiyana, ndipo zenizeni za kujambula, mwachitsanzo, mbale, ndizosiyana ndi zodzikongoletsera. Kwa zinthu zazikulu, mungagwiritse ntchito lenti yomwe tatchulidwa pamwambayi ndi kutalika kwa 24-70, pazinthu zochepa zomwe mungachite kuti mutenge mapulogalamu akuluakulu, omwe amamveketsa bwino zonse.

Kodi ndi lens iti yomwe mungasankhe kuti muyambe kujambula kanema?

Kufunsa funso, mwachitsanzo, ndi lens kuti asankhe ukwati, anthu ambiri amafuna "kupha mbalame ziwiri ndi mwala umodzi" mu chikwapu chimodzi ndi kutenga lens kuti kuwombera kanema. Ngati n'kotheka, ndi bwino kuti musachite izi, chifukwa kujambula kanema m'khamera ya galasi ndi ntchito yowonjezera. Zambiri zimanenedwa ponena kuti palibe vidiyo yomwe imagwira ntchito phototechnics. Ngati mukufuna kulemba mavidiyo pa kamera, sankhani majekensi omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale malo ozama kwambiri, ndipo muike malo otsekemera m'makonzedwewo, mwinamwake kusuntha kumasokoneza chirichonse.

Kodi ndi lenti iti yomwe mungasankhe malo?

Kujambula malowa, nthawi zambiri mumafuna kupanga chojambula, ndikuwonetsa zokongola kwambiri pamalo okongola ndikuzipanga mowonjezereka. Zithunzi zooneka bwino kwambiri ndizithunzi zokongola kwambiri, ndipo zotsatirazi zimangopereka lens lalikulu lomwe limatha kutsegula makina aakulu kwambiri kuposa malonda ena.

Mwachilendo kujambula kujambula, mungagwiritse ntchito malingaliro amphamvu kwambiri, omwe amapereka zolakwika zapadera ndi zooneka. Tikasankha lens kwa malo, mtengo wamtengo ndi wofunikira - mndandanda wa L udzapanga zithunzi zokongola kwambiri, koma mtengo wake sungagwirizane ndi aliyense. Koma pokhala ndi luso loyenerera komanso kukhala ndi photoshop, mudzakhala okhutira komanso momwe mungapezeko.

Kodi ndi lenti yaikulu yotani yosankha?

Ngati timasankha lens lalikulu, timayang'ana makilogalamu ndi kutalika kwa 24 mpaka 40 mm. Lens yoteroyo idzapanga kuwombera bwino popanda kupotoza malingaliro, omwe ndi ofunikira zithunzi za malo, zamkati. Lens lamakono amitundu iwiri, ndipo aliyense wa iwo ali ndi ubwino wake ndi zamwano.

1. Ndi kutalika kwanthawi zonse. Ubwino wa zithunzi zidzakhala bwino, choncho mtengo uli wapamwamba. Malonda amenewa ali ndi vuto lalikulu - sizingatheke kuyerekezera chithunzithunzi, ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kwambiri.
2. Ndili kutalika kwa kutalika kwake. Ubwino wa chithunzicho ndi wochepetsedwa pang'ono, koma kuphatikiza kwakukulu ndikumatha kubweretsa zojambula zowombera pafupi.

Palinso vuto lina lofunika - pali lenses lalikulu ndipo nthawi zonse zimasintha. Ngati nambala imodzi yolembedwa F imalembedwa pamalopo, ndiye kuti chiwerengero cha chiwongoladzanja chimatsimikiziridwa, koma ngati nambala ziwiri za F - malowa akhoza kukonzedwa. Pansi mtengo uwu, zithunzi zanu zidzakhala bwino.