Ndani sanamvepo za tchalitchi chachikulu chotchukachi cha Katolika ku France konsekonse? Timadziŵa bwino zimenezi kuchokera m'buku la Victor Hugo ndi nyimbo zovomerezeka zamakono, ndi iwo omwe adafika ku Paris, mwinamwake adawona luso lojambula ndi maso awo. Kwa iwo amene akukonzekera kupita ku France, zidzakhala zosangalatsa kuwerengera za kamangidwe ndi kachitidwe ka tchalitchi, chomwe chili ndi dzina la Notre-Dame de Paris, chiri.
Mbiri ya Katolika
Monga mukudziwira, mbiri ya Notre-Dame de Paris ikupita zaka mazana ambiri. Tsopano ali pafupi zaka mazana asanu ndi awiri, ndipo anamangidwa pa malo a tchalitchi chachikulu chotchedwa St. Etienne, chomwe chinawonongedwa pansi. Panali maziko ake omwe Notre Dame anamangidwira. Koma chochititsa chidwi, kumalo omwewo kale kunali kachisi wina awiri - mpingo wakale wotchedwa paleochristian ndi tchalitchi cha Merovingians.
Kumanga katolika kunkafuna kuononga koyamba mu ulamuliro wa Mfumu Louis XIV, ndiyeno panthawi ya chiphunzitso cha French Revolution. Koma pamapeto pake, ziboliboli zokha za Notre-Dame de Paris ndi mazenera ake opangidwa ndi magalasi ovundawo anavutika. M'zinthu zina zonse zimasungidwa, koma m'kupita kwanthawi chipangizo cha grandiose chinayamba kuwonongeka.
Ndizodabwitsa kuti Notre Dame anali asanakhale wotchuka kwambiri - mafunso onena za iye ngati chikumbutso cha mbiri yakale ndi zomangamanga za France, komanso mavuto ake, Victor Hugo anakwezedwa m'buku lodziwika bwino. Ndicho chidziwitso chake chomwe chinapangitsa chidwi ku Bungwe la Msonkhano. Chifukwa cha ichi, Notre Dame anabwezeretsedwa kumayambiriro kwa zaka za XIX. Violet de Ducu, yemwe anali katswiri wa zomangamanga, anapatsidwa nkhani yofunika kwambiri imeneyi, ndipo anapirira bwino. Zithunzi zambiri zakale za tchalitchichi zinabwezeretsedwa, ndipo zida zodziŵika bwino kwambiri zapachilumbachi zinayambika. Kalelo, chidutswa chake chinatsukidwa kuchokera ku dothi lakalekale, ndikuwonekera pamaso pa anthu zithunzi zake zokongola pazitseko zake.
Zizindikiro za zomangamanga za Cathedral ya Notre Dame ku Paris
Nyumba yomangidwa ndi tchalitchichi inayamba kumangidwa kutali kwambiri ndi 1160, pamene kalembedwe ka Aroma kanali kowonjezereka mu Ulaya. Maonekedwe a nyumbayo ndi aakulu kwambiri moti n'zovuta kulingalira kuti zonsezi zinkachitika ndi manja a munthu. Pa chifukwa chomwechi, tchalitchichi chinamangidwa kwa nthawi yaitali - kumangidwanso kumangidwe kokha mu 1345 - ndipo, pofika kale pakati pa France ndi Romanesque anafika ku chikhalidwe cha Gothic, izi sizingatheke koma zimakhudza maonekedwe a6 a Notre Dame. Nyumbayi imagwirizanitsa miyeso yonseyi, kukhala chitsanzo cha golide wawo.
Maganizo onse a tchalitchichi amachititsa chidwi, ngakhale kuti ndizovuta. Malinga ndi lingaliro la osamanga nyumba omwe anamanga Notre Dame de Paris (panali awiri a iwo - Pierre de Montréle ndi Jean de Schel), mulibe malo apamwamba m'nyumbayi, ndipo buku lonselo limachokera ku masewera a chiaroscuro ndi kusiyana. Izi zimatsogoleredwa ndi mawindo a lancet, mizati yambiri mmalo mwa makoma ndi niches akukwera mmwamba.
Pansi pa facade igawidwa mu zitatu zazikulu portal. Kumanzere kwake ndi portal ya Namwali Mariya, kumanja ndiko portal ya amayi ake, Saint Anne, ndipo pakatikati pali Portal of the Last Judgment. Pamwamba mwao ndilo gawo lotsatizana pomwe tchalitchi cha Notre Dame chili pafupi - pazimenezi mukhoza kuona mafano 28 akuwonetsa mafumu onse a Yuda. Kumayambiriro kwa facade kuli chimango chachikulu "chowoneka" chodzaza ndi galasi.
Chinthu choyamba chimene mlendo amayang'anitsitsa mkati mwa nyumba ndi kusakhala kwathunthu kwa makoma. Iwo amalowetsedwa ndi zipilala, zomwe zimapangitsa mkati mwa tchalitchichi kukhala ndi chithunzi chachikulu.
Kujambula zithunzi, mkati mwa nyumba ya tchalitchichi amatha kuwona zolemba zakale zochokera ku Chipangano Chatsopano, ndi zithunzi za kunja kwa Notre Dame of Our Lady (Virgin Mary) ndi St. Dionysius.
Korona m'tchalitchi chimodzi chotchedwa chimeras, chokongoletsera Notre-Dame de Paris. Pafupi ndi iwo mungathe kuwona kokha mwa kukwera ku nsanja ya kumpoto. Zithunzi za chimeras, monga gargoyles, zinakhazikitsidwa panthawi yobwezeretsedwa kwa Notre Dame.
Alendo a tchalitchi cha Paris ali ndi mwayi womvetsera nyimbo za thupi (chiwalo cha m'deralo ndi chachikulu kwambiri mu dziko), kukayendera chuma cha tchalitchi chachikulu ndikuwona Korona ya Minga ya Khristu, komanso crypt ndi munda wozungulira Notre-Dame de Paris.
Alendo ena a ku Paris angadziwe zochitika zina - Eiffel Tower ndi Museum of Orsay .