Dzungu amaonedwa kuti ndi masamba othandiza kwambiri, chifukwa ali ndi mavitamini ochuluka, amathandiza ntchito ya m'mimba, kuyendetsa matenda a mitsempha komanso ngakhale kulimbana ndi mphutsi. Ndiwotchuka ndipo ndi zokoma zokha, zomwe mungapeze zakudya zosangalatsa kwambiri - soufflé , pies, soups, casseroles ndi saladi .
Kuti mupeze zipatso zokoma ndi zazikulu, muyenera kudziwa mtundu wa dzungu mitundu ndi zinsinsi za kulima kwawo. Za izi ndipo tidzakambirana m'nkhani yathu.
Nkhumba za dzungu zokula kunja
Masamba amasiyanitsidwa ndi magulu atatu akuluakulu a maungu:
- olimba - ali ndi mapepala olimba, zipatso zazing'ono ndi mbewu zokoma kwambiri;
- Zipatso zazikulu - mbali yosiyana ndi kukula kwakukulu ndi thupi lokoma;
- Muscat - zipatso zawo ndi chokoma kwambiri ndi mdima wakuda ndi wachikasu, makamaka nthawi yotseka.
Gulu lirilonse limaphatikizapo mitundu yosiyana siyana: yosakaniza ndi yodula, chakudya, tebulo ndi kukongoletsera, komanso ndi nambala yambiri ya mbewu ndi kukoma. Kuti mudziwe zomwe mukufuna kukula, muyenera kuwerenga mwachidule za mitundu yomwe mukufuna. Pambuyo pake, kawirikawiri kuchokera kusintha uku zikhalidwe za kukula maungu.
Mmene mungakulire dzungu m'munda wanu?
Dzungu ndi chomera cha thermophilic, choncho ndikofunikira kuchotsa dzuŵa loteteza kumpoto. Kukonzekera nthaka pa izo ziyenera kukhala kuchokera m'dzinja: kukumba ndi kupanga organic feteleza. Ndiye kumapeto kwa nyengo zidzakhala zofunikira kuwonjezera mchere (superphosphates ndi potaziyamu).
M'madera otentha, kulima nkhumba kumbewu kumapangidwira pansi, m'madera otsalira kupyolera mu mbande.
Kukula mbande ndi bwino kutenga mapepala a peat osachepera 10 cm pamwamba kapena mapulasitiki ali ndi kukula kofanana popanda pansi. Choyamba timadzaza ndi 2/3 dothi la peat, turf ndi humus, zomwe zimatengedwa ku chiŵerengero cha 1: 1: 2. Mu mphika uliwonse, timamatira mbeu imodzi ndikuphimba malo otsala ndi nthaka yokonzedwa. Kuti mbewuzo ziphuke, zidazi ziyenera kuikidwa pamalo otentha. Kufika pamalo otseguka kawirikawiri kumachitika pamene chomera chikhala ndi masamba 3 enieni. Kawirikawiri izi zimachitika kumapeto kwa kasupe kapena kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe.
Chisamaliro chonse cha dzungu chodzala ndi ntchito zotsatirazi:
- kuthirira madzi ambiri;
- kuchita masabata awiri a chakudya chowonjezera;
- kuchotserako mphukira zofooka ndi zopanda kanthu, komanso kusakaniza ndi mazira opezekapo (kusiya masamba 5-6);
- kumasula mizere pakati pa mizere;
- Kuyika zipangizo pansi pa chipatso.
Pakukula maungu pamatseguka, amaluwa ambiri amadandaula kuti amatenga malo ambiri (1-2 mamita pa chitsamba). Vutoli limathetsedwa, chifukwa chaichi n'zotheka kudzala zomera osati m'lifupi pansi, koma pamtunda - pamodzi ndi gridi kapena trellis.
Kukula dzungu pa trellis
Ndikofunika kutenga grid kutalika kwa osachepera 2 mamita ndikuyika kupyolera mita imodzi pabedi, kumene mukukonzekera kudzala dzungu lanu.
Pofuna dzungu, muyenera kupanga mabowo pamtunda wa masentimita 30, kupanga feteleza (humus kapena kusakaniza masamba a chaka chatha ndi udzu). Ndiye, pa nthawi yeniyeni, m'pofunika kudzala mbewu (2-3 ndi bwino ndikusiya kukula kwambiri). Pambuyo poonekera masamba 5-6 pa mphukira, tsinde lalikulu liyenera kuonongeka. Kusamalira dzunguli lidzakhala kudula mphukira zofooka, kupeza ndi kumangiriza nthambi ndi zipatso pa gridi, kuthirira nthawi zonse, kumasula nthaka kuzungulira tsinde ndi kuigwedeza. Nkhumba zomwe zimapezeka m'njirayi zimakula ngakhale, za mtundu wunifolomu ndi chokoma kwambiri kusiyana ndi kugona pansi, popeza zidzasinthidwa ndi dzuwa kuchokera kumbali zonse.