Yellowstone caldera ndi phiri lophulika kwambiri, lomwe likuphulika kwambiri lomwe lingasinthe dziko lathu lonse. Kunena zoona, phirili ndi chimanga chachikulu padziko lapansi, chomwe chili m'chigawo cha Yellowstone National Reserve ku United States , chomwe chinali choyamba mwa mndandanda wa malo a World Heritage a UNESCO.
Yellowstone ali kuti?
Yakhazikitsidwa mu 1872, paki yachilengedwe ili kumpoto kwa United States of America pafupi ndi madera a Wyoming, Idaho ndi Montana. Chigawo chonse cha malowa ndi 9,000 km². Kudzera pamapiri okongola kwambiri ndilo msewu "Big loop", womwe uli kutalika ndi 230 km.
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Mchinji
Zosangalatsa za paki ya dzikoli ndizopangidwa mwachilengedwe, oimira zomera ndi museums m'madera a malo.
Yellowstone Geysers
Pali malo okwana 3000 pakiyi. Gwero la Steamboat Geyser (Steamboat) - lalikulu pa Dziko lapansi. Galasi la Old Faithful Geyser (Old Officer) likudziwika kwambiri. Anadzitchuka chifukwa cha kusadziŵika kwake: nthawi ndi nthawi amayamba kuthamanga kwa madzi kufika mamita 40. Mukhoza kuyamikira geyser pokhapokha kuwonetsetsa.
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Mapiri a Yellowstone
Pakiyi imaphatikizapo nyanja zambiri, komanso mitsinje. Momwe mtsinjewo umadutsa kudera lamapiri kumalongosola kuti pali mathithi ambiri - a 290. Aatali kwambiri (mamita 94), ndipo akuphatikizapo okongola kwambiri kwa okaona, mathithi a Lowerstone pa Yellowstone River.
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Yellowstone Caldera
Chimodzi mwa zazikulu kwambiri m'madera a nyanja ya North America ndi kampani ya Yellowstone, yomwe ili ku Caldera - phiri lalikulu la Yellowstone Park - lalikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi . Malinga ndi akatswiri ofufuza sayansi yazaka 17 miliyoni zapitazi phirili lawonjezereka kasachepera kawiri, kutuluka kwaposachedwa kunachitika pafupifupi zaka 640,000 zapitazo. Kuphulika kwa Yellowstone kunachitika ndi mphamvu zosatheka kuganiza, choncho malo ambiri amakhala ndi madzi oundana. Mapangidwe a chiphalaphalachi ndi chachilendo: alibe kondomu, koma ndi dzenje lalikulu ndi dera la 75x55 km. Chinanso chodabwitsa n'chakuti mapiri a Yellowstone ali pakatikati pa thabwa la tectonic, osati pamphepete mwa slabs, ngati mapiri ambiri.
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Posakhalitsa, pakhala pali malipoti onena za ngozi yowonongeka kwa wailesi. Zoona zake n'zakuti pali lava lofiira kwambiri pansi pa paki ya dziko kuposa momwe amakhulupirira. Kuphulika kwa phiri lalikulu la Yellowstone kumachitika pafupifupi kamodzi pa zaka 650 mpaka 700,000. Zomveka izi zimachititsa kuti anthu asokonezeke komanso asokoneze anthu. Ntchito yaikulu idzakhala tsoka la mdziko, chifukwa mliriwu udzakhala wofanana ndi mphamvu ya kuphulika kwa nyukiliya, gawo lalikulu la US lidzadzazidwa ndi lava, ndipo phulusa la mapiri lidzafalikira kuzungulira dziko lapansi. Kuimitsa phulusa m'mlengalenga kudzakhudza kwambiri nyengo ya Dziko lapansi, kutseka kuwala kwa dzuwa. Ndipotu, kwa zaka zingapo pa dziko lapansi padzakhala nyengo yozizira, ndipo chitsanzo chomwe chinamangidwa pa kompyuta pa chochitika ichi chinasonyeza kuti, poipitsitsa, 4/5 pa moyo wonse pa Dziko lapansi adzafa.
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Yellowstone Fauna
Pali mitundu 60 ya zinyama, kuphatikizapo zosawerengeka: bison, puma, baribal, wapiti, etc. Palinso mitundu 6 ya zokwawa, mitundu 4 ya amphibiyani, mitundu 13 ya nsomba ndi mitundu yoposa 300 ya mbalame, pakati pawo ndi yosawerengeka.
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Kodi mungapeze bwanji ku Yellowstone?
National Reserve ndi ulendo wa maola ola limodzi kuchokera ku eyapoti ya ku United States Cody. Ndiponso kuyambira nthawi ya July mpaka September, mabasi oyendetsa ndege amathawa kuchokera ku Salt Lake City ndi Bozeman. Pakiyi imatsegulidwa m'chaka chonse cha kalendala, koma isanayambe ulendowu, ndikufunsiranso kuti mudziwe za nyengo, makamaka popeza sitima zapansi sizipita paki.
