Kufufuza zachipatala ndi kafukufuku zimathandizira kwambiri kupeza matenda osiyanasiyana. Matenda ambiri samapereka zizindikiro zilizonse, ndipo kafukufuku wa maselo okhawo omwe ali ndi microscope amatha kuwulula matenda kapena kukhalapo kwa matenda. Ndicho chifukwa chake akazi onse a zaka zapakati pa 19 ndi 65, ndi kofunika kuti awonetsere amayi kuti azisanthula.
Kodi kachilombo ka khola kamatengedwa bwanji?
Imodzi mwa zosavuta, koma kuchokera ku izi zosawerengera zofunikira zowonongeka kwa amayi ndi swab kuchokera ku khola lachiberekero. Amaperekedwera kwa amayi onse omwe ali ndi zaka zakubadwa omwe afika povomerezeka kwa mayi wamayi, panthawi yoyezetsa kachitidwe pa mpando. Smear ndi kuchotsa ku khola lachiberekero, lomwe limatumizidwa kuti likhale cytology ku labotale. Chotsatiracho chikuchitika, monga lamulo, mwa njira imodzi iwiri: fufuzani zinthu zakuthambo pogwiritsa ntchito microscope kapena kupanga chikhalidwe cha mabakiteriya. Cytology ya smear kuchokera ku khola lachiberekero imapereka mpata woweruza mkhalidwe wa microflora, komanso imathandizira kuzindikira njira zotupa komanso ngakhale kusintha kwa chiberekero m'thupi.
Kuchokera kwachitsulo kuchokera ku khola lachiberekero - sikuli lopweteka komanso losati. Dokotala amangofuna kupatulapo spatula yapadera, kenaka amasamutsira ku slide yoyera. Izi zimatenga masekondi angapo. Kusanthula ndilo chifukwa choletsera matenda ambiri aakazi, motero ndikofunika kukonzekera: osachepera tsiku limodzi asanapite kwa dokotala, kugonana, kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ozunguza bongo, kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala opatsirana pogonana, mapiritsi, ndi zina zotero, sizinayamikiridwe, mwinamwake kusanthula sikukhala kosavomerezeka. Kuwonjezera apo, sikutheka kuti muyambe kuyesa kupima mankhwala kuchokera ku khola lachiberekero pa nthawi ya kusamba.
Kusintha kwa mankhwala omwe amachokera ku khola lachiberekero
Mu tebulo ili m'munsimu mukuwona zizindikiro zomwe dokotala akulongosola izi. Uwu ndi kupezeka kapena kusakhalapo mu smear ya leukocyte, gonococci, trichomonads, yisiti bowa ndi zina zowonjezera kuchokera ku khola lachiberekero. Zilembo za Chilatini V, C ndi U zimatanthawuza motsatira mawere, chiberekero ndi chiberekero (mankhwala omwe tizilombo tina timapeza kapena sapezeka).
Pa kupotoka kuchokera ku chizoloŵezi, mfundo izi zimati:
- chiwerengero chachikulu cha maselo oyera a magazi, mucus kapena epithelium (kutupa);
- Kupanda epithelium (kusowa kwa estrogen hormone);
- Kukhalapo kwa ndondomeko ya gram-negative ( dysbacteriosis ya vagin );
- gonococci ( gonorrhea mwa akazi );
- Trichomonas (trichomoniasis);
- chlamydia (chlamydia);
- yisiti bowa (candidiasis);
- maselo ofunika (candidiasis).
Palinso zosiyana zowonjezera Pap smear - mothandizidwa, chiberekero cha chiberekero, kuphatikizapo zizindikiro zodziwika bwino, zimawululidwa. Pali magawo asanu:
- Palibe kusintha komwe kunapezeka.
- Ndondomeko yotupa imapezeka (imapezeka ndi kupitirira maselo oyera a maselo oyera), zomwe zimafuna chithandizo ndikuyambiranso.
- Zosintha zazing'ono m'maselo ofunika omwe amafunika kufufuza kwambiri (biopsy) zadziwika.
- Kusintha koipa kwapezeka m'ma maselo ena. Mfundo iyi siidakali nthawi yodalirika yokambirana za matenda a khansa, chifukwa mayesero enawa amafunika.
- Matenda a zamoyo amatsimikiziridwa ndi maselo ochuluka omwe ali ndi kusintha kwakukulu.
Muzochitika zoposa 20%, zotsatira za phunziroli ndizobodza. Izi zimachitika ngati opanda ungwiro wa njira zosatha. Choncho, ngati mukukayikira kuti zowonongeka kuchokera ku khola lachiberekero zimakhala zogwiritsidwa ntchito, mungathe kuzipeza kapena kufunsa dokotala kuti apange chithunzithunzi cha chiberekero.