Chifukwa cha makhalidwe awo, ana ambiri amatha kumva kutupa kwa khutu la pakati, koma akulu sagwirizana ndi matendawa. Taganizirani chifukwa chake mauthenga amatha kukhala pakati pa khutu, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo cha matenda, malinga ndi zosiyana siyana.
Kodi nchiyani chomwe chimayambitsa otitis media?
Khutu lapakati ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo za dongosolo loyendetsera ntchito, ntchito yaikulu yomwe imakhala yabwino chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mlengalenga. Ndi kanyumba kakang'ono kamene kali pakati pa chithako cha khutu chamkati ndi khutu lamkati, komwe kuli: drum ndi mfupa yowona bwino, chubu la eustachian (auditory) ndi phanga.
Utitis wa pakatikati ndi khutu la kutupa komwe kumapezeka makamaka m'matenda opatsirana a pamtunda wakupiritsika kutsegula mpweya wa m'mphuno ndi kutsekemera kwa phukusi loyendetsa: rhinitis , rhinitis, sinusitis , matonillitis, etc. Muzochitika zotero, kachilombo kamalowa m'kampu yotchedwa Eustachian yomwe ikugwirizanitsa malo otchedwa nasopharynx ndi malo khutu lakati. Pankhaniyi, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda nthawi zambiri timakhala tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, osasakaniza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mavairasi, bowa.
Nthawi zambiri, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timalowa m'madera omwe tikukambirana ndi magazi (mwachitsanzo, ndi chimfine, chifiira chofiira). Nthawi zina chitukukochi chimagwirizanitsa ndi kukula kwa mapuloteni pamphuno yamphongo, kupumphuka kwa mphuno yamphongo, kuthamanga, kulandira kwa nthawi yaitali mankhwala osokoneza bongo, chifuwa chachikulu, hypothermia, kutayika bwino. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, vutoli lingakhale ngati zoopsa zakunja, pamene chiwindi chimatha kupyola (nthawi zambiri zimachitika pamene makutu amachiritsidwa ndi masamba a thonje).
Zovuta otitis media
Ngati nthawi ya kutupa kotupa siimapitirira masabata 2-3 ndipo imathera ndi kuchira, ndivuta kwambiri otitis media ya pakati khutu. Mtundu uwu wa matendawo umayamba ngati kutupa kwa catarrhal, kupita mu njira ya purulent. Zonse mwazifukwazi zikhoza kuwukwiyitsa, koma nthawi zambiri, "ochimwa" ndiwo streptococci , pneumococci, hemophilia, morocelles.
Matenda otchedwa otitis
Ngati kutupa kovuta mu dipatimenti yodalirikayi kwakhala kovuta kwambiri, mobwerezabwereza kapena osalandira chithandizo chokwanira, mwayi ndi wamtundu wotalika wakuti matenda otitis ochuluka adzakula. Imeneyi ndi yochepetsetsa, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yotupa ndi kukhala ndi chilema mu tympanic septum, yomwe imatenga miyezi kapena zaka, ndi zovuta nthawi zina. Ma microflora amachititsa nthawi zambiri: staphylococcus, E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, peptococci.
Otitis media za pakati-khutu - zizindikiro
Malingana ndi mawonekedwe ndi siteji ya otitis media, zizindikiro ndi mankhwala ndi zosiyana. Kulemera kwa chithunzithunzi cha kachipatala ndiko chifukwa cha momwe zimakhalira kutentha pakati pa khutu, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri njira zonse zimakhudzidwa ndi zovuta. Talingalirani zomwe zizindikiro za otitis zimakhala zosiyana pazomwe zimayambira.
Catarrhal otit media
Pamene chiwopsezo chachikulu chotchedwa catarrhal otitis media chikukula, ndilo gawo loyambirira la matendawa, pali kuphwanya kwa mpweya wabwino pakati pa khutu lakati chifukwa cha kutseka kwa chubu la Eustachian. Izi zikuphatikizidwa ndi kulekanitsidwa kapena kukwanira kutsekemera kwa mpweya wabwino pakati pa khutu la pakati, monga chifukwa cha septum ikubwezeretsedwa ndikusintha mtundu. Kuponderezedwa mu chingwe cha tympanic chimakhala choipa, ndipo pansi pazifukwa zotere, kuwonjezeka kwa kutupa madzi kumachitika mmenemo. Palibe njira zowonjezera panthawiyi.
Catarrhal otitis media ali ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- ululu pang'ono mkati mwa khutu;
- vuto la kulingalira;
- raspiraniya mu khutu;
- chikhalidwe chokwanira.
Otsitsiratu otitis
Kutupa kwapakati pazifukwa zosawerengeka za kusinthana kwa mpweya ndi kutupa kwa phukusi loyendetsa zikhoza kukhala limodzi ndi kusonkhanitsa serous exudate, komwe kumatulutsidwa kudzera m'makona a mitsempha. Pakatikatikati serous otitis nthawi zambiri amapita ku gawo losatha ndi symptomatology yochotsedwa, koma ndi chitukuko cha zomera zowononga zimadutsa pamalo oyeretsa. Ambiri serous otitis amadziwonetsera okha ndi zizindikiro zotere:
- kumverera kwa kupsinjika pamutu;
- chizungulire;
- ululu wowawa m'makutu;
- Kuwonongeka kwakumva (kungakule, koma nthawi zina kumaphatikizapo nthawi yowonjezera);
- phokoso, kutengeka kwa kuyamwa kwa madzi m'kamwa mwa khutu pamene mutembenuza mutu;
- maonekedwe oonekera kapena osadziwika bwino kuchokera kumng'oma ya khutu pamene mphuno yathyoledwa.
Zamatsenga otitis media
Kulowera pakati pakati pa kachilombo ka HIV kumaphatikizapo chifuwa chachikulu cha otitis media, chodziwika ndi chizindikiro chowala kwambiri. Ndondomeko imeneyi imayamba kufalikira, ndipo ngati chithandizo cha otitis chisanayambe nthawi, zolembera za ossicles, labyrinth, periosteum, etc. zingakhudzidwe.
Mukhoza kuzindikira kuti vuto la otitis ndiloperewera pakati pa khutu la pakati ndi mawonetseredwe otsatirawa:
- ululu wopweteka mu khutu la khalidwe lopweteka, lolimbikitsidwa ndi kukhudzidwa, kayendedwe;
- kufalikira kwa ululu m'kachisi, mmawa, orbit;
- kutentha kwa thupi;
- kuwonongeka kwa chikhalidwe;
- ziwalo zowonjezereka za parotid;
- kupweteka kwakukulu;
- phokoso m'makutu.
Ndi mtundu uwu wa matendawa, kudziyimira kwapadera kwa thinned nembanemba n'kotheka ndi kutuluka kwa purulent nkhani. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, thanzi la wodwala limakula bwino, ululu umakhala pansi, ndipo kutentha kumachepa. Kusemphana kwa chilema cha tympanic septum kumachitika mtsogolo (mu masabata angapo), koma pamene matendawa amapita kumalo osatha izi sizikhoza kuchitika.
Kodi tingachite bwanji otitis media?
Ngati mukukayikira otitis media, muyenera kuyamba mankhwala nthawi yomweyo, yomwe muyenera kuyanjana ndi otolaryngologist. Pokhapokha ndi chithandizo chamankhwala mungathe kukhazikitsa mawonekedwe a matendawa, kudziwa zinthu zochititsa chidwi, zomwe ndizofunikira kusankha njira zamankhwala. Poyankhidwa, mtundu wa tympanic ululu umayesedwa, kuyenda kwake kumayang'aniridwa. Ngati ndondomekoyi ndi yachilendo, chiwerengero chakumva kwakumva, cha kupweteka kwa intra-arterial chingapangidwe.
Catarrhal, purulent ndi exudative kwambiri otitis media ndi ofanana. Choyamba, gwiritsani ntchito njira zamaganizo zothandizira kuthetsa zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu asokonezeke. Kuti muchepetse mucosal edema ndi kusungunuka kwa ntchentche, gwiritsani ntchito:
- Madzi otchedwa sosudosuzhivayuschie m'mphuno - Naphthyzine, Nazole, Galazolin, etc ;;
- corticosteroids yachithunzi - Dencamethasone, Nazonex, Aldecin, etc ;;
- Mchere wothetsa mphuno - Aqua Maris, Marimer, No-salt, ndi zina zotero.
Mng'oma yamakono imaperekedwa mankhwala omwe amapereka mankhwala a antigen, anti-inflammatory ndi antiseptic, mwachitsanzo:
- yankho la boric acid;
- Otinum;
- Otypax ;
- Sofradex;
- Garazon;
- Otisol ndi zina zotero
Kuchotsa zomwe zili mkatikati mwa khutu ndi kubwezeretsa zochitika za phukusi lamakono, catheters yapadera, zizindikiro za pneumomassage, njira zowomba (molingana ndi Politzer, ndi kutuluka mwaukakamizidwa) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati otitis media ya pakati khutu, zizindikiro ndi mankhwala omwe zimagwirizana ndi pamwambapa, sikumachoka, ntchito opaleshoni (gawo la tympanic nembanemba ndi kukhazikitsa madzi).
Mankhwala opha tizilombo tosangalatsa otitis
Kudziwika pakati otitis ndi purulent mkati mu tympanum popanda mankhwala opha tizilombo sizitsatiridwa. Nthawi zambiri zimaperekedwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo mu mawonekedwe a piritsi, amatha kulowa mkati mwa chipinda chapakati ndikukhala ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana:
- Amoxicillin;
- Augmentin;
- Aksetil;
- Mzimu;
- Biseptol ;
- Clarithromycin ndi ena.
Kuwerenga mabakiteriya za zomwe zili mkatikati mwa khutu ndi kuzindikira kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kwa izi kapena mankhwala ena satero nthawi zonse, chifukwa zotsatira zimadziwika ngati patapita sabata. Kusankhidwa kwa mankhwala oyamba amayamba nthawi yomweyo, popanda kulingalira zotsatira. Komabe, m'tsogolomu, ngati chithandizo chovomerezeka chikuwoneka kuti sichingatheke, kukonza chithandizochi kumapangidwa molingana ndi kusanthula deta yomwe imapezeka.
UHF-mankhwala kwa otitis
Njira zosiyanasiyana zochiritsira thupi zingaphatikizidwe ndi zovuta zothandizira, pakati pawo ndi UHF. Kawirikawiri, njirayi imayendetsa matenda osokoneza bongo otitis otitis. Chifukwa cha njira, kuthamanga kwa magazi m'dera la khutu kuli bwino, kutupa kumachepa, njira zotetezera za thupi zimalimbikitsidwa.
Kuchiza kwa otitis anthu ambiri kunyumba
Ngati pali otitis media ya pakati khutu, mankhwala ayenera kuchitidwa moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala. Ndilosavomerezeka kudzipangira mankhwala pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono, limba liri pafupi ndi ubongo, ndipo mavuto omwe amapezeka chifukwa cha mankhwala ochepa akhoza kukhala ovuta kwambiri. Chinthu chokha chimene chingachitike kuthetsa vutoli musanaitane dokotala ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kowoneka kumutu (ubweya wa ubweya wa thonje, ubweya wa thonje, etc.), koma palibe chomwe chiyenera kutenthedwa ndi kutentha. Pochita chithandizo cholamulidwa ndi dokotala, ndilololedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochizira pofuna kuchepetsa chitetezo.