Agiriki akale ankapembedza milungu yambiri, chipembedzo chawo ngati chiwonetsero cha khalidwe: chikhalidwe, chosayendetsedwa monga chikhalidwe chomwecho ndi zinthu zake. Dionysus - imodzi mwa milungu yomwe amaikonda kwambiri ya Hellenes imatsimikizira kuti zosangalatsa pamoyo wawo zinali malo apadera.
Kodi Dionysus ndi ndani?
Dionysus, mulungu wa kupambana, adalowa mu moyo wowerengedwa wa Agiriki ndi chisangalalo chake, chibwibwi ndi chipongwe. Wamng'ono wotchedwa Olympian ndi wochokera ku Chithracian. Amadziwika ndi pansi pa mayina ena:
- Chipulumutso;
- Chipulumutso;
- Mkulu;
- Kutentha;
- Limb;
- Dithyrambs;
- Chipembedzo;
- Horay.
Dionysus anali ndi ntchito ndi mphamvu zotsatirazi:
- anali ndi udindo wa chitsitsimutso cha zomera m'chaka;
- ankayang'anira alimi;
- anaphunzitsa anthu luso la kukula mphesa ndi winemaking;
- anatumiza misala kwa iwo omwe samafuna kuti adziphatikize naye;
- amatengedwa kuti ndi "bambo" wa masewera ena a masoka.
Makolo a mulungu wa vinyo ndi mpesa ndi Zeus ndi Semel. Nthano ya kubadwa kwa Dionysus ili ndi zilakolako. Mkazi wa nsanje wa bingu Hera, atazindikira kuti Semele anali ndi pakati, pokhala akuwonekera ngati namwino wake wanyontho, adamuuza Zeus kuti awonekere mwachinyengo chaumulungu. Semel pamsonkhano ndi Mulungu adafunsa ngati anali wokonzeka kukwaniritsa zofuna zake, ndipo analumbirira kuti adzakwaniritse zomwe adafuna. Atamva pempholo, Zeus adatenga chipatso china chosapsa kuchokera m'mimba mwa wokondedwa wake ndikuchikoka pachifuwa chake, ndipo pamene Zeus anabala mwana wa Dionysus.
Chipembedzo cha Dionysus ku Greece chakale chidatchedwa Dionysius. Zikondwerero za maolivi zinkaitanidwa ndi Dionysia yaing'ono, pamodzi ndi mawonedwe omveka ndi kuvala, kuimba, kumwa vinyo. Akuluakulu a Dionysia anachitidwa mu March - polemekeza mulungu wobadwanso mwatsopano. Mapulogalamu oyambirira a chikondwerero cha Bacchanalia ankachitidwa pansi pa chivundikiro cha mdima ndipo amaimira mavalo oyipa a maenad mu chikhalidwe cha mdziko, mwambo wogonana. Imfa ya Dionysus mulungu monga mawonekedwe a ng'ombe idaseweredwa ndipo nyama yopereka nsembe inang'ambika, idya nyama yotentha.
Chizindikiro cha Dionysus
Muzojambula zakale, Dionysus anawonetsedwa ngati mnyamata wamng'ono, wa ndevu wopanda ubweya wokhala ndi akazi. Chikhalidwe chofunika kwambiri cha mulungu ndi antchito a Dionysus kapena abulu a tsinde la fennel, lovekedwa ndi mbeya zapaini - chizindikiro cha phallic ya mfundo yolenga. Zina ndi zizindikiro Bacchus:
- Mpesa. Ndodo yozungulira ndi chizindikiro cha chonde ndi luso la winemaking;
- Ivy - malinga ndi zikhulupiriro zoledzeretsa.
- Chikho - kumamwa, moyo unaiwala za chiyambi chake chaumulungu, ndipo kuchiritsa kunali koyenerera kumwa wina - chikho cha kulingalira, ndiye kukumbukira umulungu ndi kukhumba kubwerera kumwamba kubwerera.
Ma satellites a Dionysus ndi ophiphiritsira:
- Melpomene ndi malo osungirako zoopsa;
- Maenads ndi otsatira okhulupirika kapena ansembe a chipembedzo cha Dionysus;
- panther, tiger ndi lynx - ziweto za banja lachika zimasonyeza kukula kwake ndi kupambana ndikukumbutsa kuti chipembedzocho chinachokera kummawa;
- ng'ombe ndi chizindikiro cha chonde ndi ulimi. Nthawi zambiri Dionysus amawonetsedwa ngati ng'ombe.
Dionysus - Mythology
Helleni ankapembedza chilengedwe mu mawonetseredwe ake onse. Chiberekero ndi gawo lofunikira la moyo wa anthu akumidzi. Kukolola kochuluka nthawi zonse ndi chizindikiro chabwino kuti milungu imathandizira komanso yokoma mtima. Mulungu wachigiriki Dionysus mu nthano amawoneka okondwa, koma nthawi yomweyo amatsutsa ndi kutumiza matemberero ndi imfa kwa iwo omwe samamudziwa iye. Zikhulupiriro zokhudzana ndi Bacchus zimadza ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana: chimwemwe, chisoni, mkwiyo ndi uphungu.
Dionysus ndi Apollo
Kusiyana pakati pa Apollo ndi Dionysus kumasuliridwa mosiyana ndi afilosofi ndi olemba mbiri mwa njira yawoyawo. Apollo - mulungu wonyezimira komanso wa tsitsi la golide wochuluka wa dzuwa anagwirizanitsa luso, makhalidwe ndi chipembedzo. Anthu olimbikitsidwa kuti ayese muyeso mu chirichonse. Ndipo Agiriki anayesera kutsatira malamulo asanayambe chipembedzo cha Dionysus. Koma Dionysus "inatuluka" mu mizimu ndikuyang'ana zonse zosayang'ana, ziphompho zopanda phindu zomwe ziripo mwa munthu aliyense ndipo Helleneszedwezo anayesera kuti azichita nawo madyerero, kuledzera ndi zithumwa, kulemekeza Bacchus wamkulu.
Apoloni awiri "owala" ndi "mdima" akuwonetsa, anasonkhana mu duel. Chifukwa chake chinamveka m'malingaliro, monga olemba mbiri amalembera nkhondo ya miyambo iwiri. Kuwala, kuyeza, kukondwa ndi sayansi ku chipembedzo cha dziko lapansi, chomwe chiri ndi mdima wa zinsinsi ndi ntchito yaikulu ya vinyo, nsembe ya nsembe, kuvina kowawa ndi zamwano. Koma popeza kulibe kuwala kopanda mdima, koteronso mu nkhondo imeneyi chinthu chatsopano ndi chachilendo chinabadwa - mtundu watsopano wa zojambulazo unawoneka masoka achigiriki okhudza mayesero ndi kuphompho kwa moyo wa munthu.
Dionysus ndi Persephone
Dionysus mulungu wa Girisi wakale ndi Persephone - mulungu wamkazi wa kubala, mkazi wa Hade komanso pamodzi ndi iye mfumu ya pansi pa zikhulupiriro zakale za Chigriki zikugwirizana pakati pawo:
- Imodzi mwa nthano zokhudzana ndi kubadwa kwa Dionysus imatchula Persephone monga amayi a amayi ake. Zeus anawotchedwa ndi chilakolako cha mwana wake wamkazi, akusandulika njoka, kulowa mu ubale ndi iye, kumene Dionysus amabadwa. Muchinenero china, Dionysus akutsikira kudziko lapansi ndipo amapereka mtengo wa myrtle ku Persephone, kotero amayi ake adzamasula Semele. Dionysus amapatsa mayiyo dzina latsopano la Tion ndipo amapita naye kumwamba.
- Persephone anali kuyenda pamphepete mwa chilumba cha Perg ku Sicily ndipo adagwidwa ndi Hade (Hade), ndipo ena mwa iwo anali Zagreem (dzina limodzi la mayina a Dionysus) mmalo mwa akufa. Mayi Demeter yemwe anali wosakondwa kwa nthawi yaitali akuyang'ana mwana wamkazi wamwamuna wapadziko lonse lapansi, dziko lapansi linakhala losabereka komanso losauka. Pambuyo pake atapeza kumene mwana wake wamkazi anali, Demeter anafunsa Zeus kuti amubwezere . Hade amusiya mkazi wake, koma asanamupatse makangaza asanu ndi awiri, omwe adachokera ku mwazi wa Dionysus. M'malo mwa wakufa sangathe kudya chirichonse, koma Persephone, pa chisangalalo chimene abwera, adadya mbewuzo. Kuyambira nthawiyi, Persephone imatha nyengo yachisanu, chilimwe ndi yophukira pamwamba, ndi miyezi yozizira kudziko lapansi.
Dionysus ndi Aphrodite
Nthano ya Dionysus ndi mulungu wamkazi wa kukongola Aphrodite amadziwikanso chifukwa chakuti kuwonetsa kwawo mwamsanga mwana woipa anabadwa. Mwana wa Dionysus ndi Aphrodite anali wodabwitsa ndipo anali oipa kwambiri kuti mulungu wamkazi wokongola analeka mwanayo. Cholinga chachikulu cha Priapus chinali nthawi yokhazikika. Akukula, Priap anayesa kunyengerera bambo ake Dionysus. Kale ku Girisi, mwana wa mulungu wa winemaking ndi Aphrodite ankalemekezedwa m'madera ena ngati mulungu wobereka.
Dionysus ndi Ariadne
Mkazi ndi mnzake wa Dionysus Ariadne poyamba anasiyidwa ndi herus wokondedwayo pafupi. Naxos. Ariadne anafuula kwa nthawi yaitali, kenako anagona. Nthawi yonseyi, Dionysus, yemwe anadza ku chilumbachi, anamuyang'ana. Eros anamasula mtsinje wake wachikondi ndi mtima wa Ariadne watenthedwa ndi chikondi chatsopano. Pa ukwati wachinsinsi, mutu wa Ariadne unali ndi korona wopatsidwa ndi Aphrodite komanso mapiri a chilumbacho. Kumapeto kwa mwambowu, Dionysus adakweza korona wa kumwamba mwa mawonekedwe a nyenyezi. Zeus monga mphatso kwa mwana wake anapatsa Ariadne kusafa, komwe kunamukweza iye kukhala aamuna aakazi.
Dionysus ndi Artemis
Mu nthano ina yokhudza chikondi cha Dionysus ndi Ariadne, Mulungu Dionysus akufunsa Diana Artemis, mulungu wamkazi wamuyaya ndi wachiyero wosaka kuti aphe Ariadne, yemwe amamukonda, chifukwa anakwatira ndi Theseus mu malo opatulika, Ariadne yekha ndiye angakhale mkazi wake, kudzera mu chiyambi cha imfa. Aritemi akuponya muvi wa Ariadne, womwe umaukitsidwa ndikukhala mkazi wa mulungu wosangalatsa ndi wobereka wa Dionysus.
Chipembedzo cha Dionysus ndi Chikhristu
Pomwe Chikhristu chinalowa m'Greece, chipembedzo cha Dionysus sichinapulumutse kwa nthawi yaitali, zikondwerero zoperekedwa kwa Mulungu zidapitirizidwa kulemekezedwa ndi anthu, ndipo mpingo wa Chigiriki unakakamizika kumenyana ndi njira zake, St. George adatsiriza Dionysus. Zakale zopatulika zoperekedwa kwa Bacchus zinawonongedwa, ndipo m'malo mwawo anamanga mipingo yachikhristu. Koma ngakhale tsopano, pakukolola mphesa, mu maholide mukhoza kuona chitamando cha Bacchus.