Malamulo akusewera chess

Ngati simudziwa momwe zimakhalira madzulo ndi banja lonse, yesani kusewera chess. Kuti muzindikire masewera akale akale, sikofunika kukhala ndi IQ yapamwamba. Ndikofunika kuphunzira malamulo oyambirira a masewera a chess - ndipo molimbika pang'ono, mungathe kubwera posachedwa ndikusuntha kuposa ochita masewerawa.

Zofunikira za masewerawo kwa Oyamba

Gulu la chess lili ndi malo 64, kumene malo oyera amayendera limodzi ndi mdima. Mzere wozungulira umakhala wowerengeka kuchokera pa imodzi kufika pa eyiti, ndipo mizere yowongoka imatchulidwa ndi makalata Achilatini kuchokera ku h. Munda uliwonse umapatsidwa makonzedwe ake, opangidwa kuchokera ku dzina la mzere wofanana ndi chiwerengero cha mzere wosakanizidwa pa bolodi, mwachitsanzo, a7, f5, ndi zina zotero.

Musanayambe masewerawa sungophunzira malamulo a masewerawo komanso kumvetsetsa momwe mungasewerere chess, komanso moyenera kuyika bolodi. Ikayikidwa kuti wophunzira aliyense ali kumbali yoyenera ali ndi gawo lachitsulo. Pali osewera awiri: imodzi imayang'anira maonekedwe a mtundu woyera, ndi yachiwiri - maonekedwe a mdima wakuda (wakuda). Mawerengedwe onse ali ndi mayina awo apadera: mfumu, mfumukazi (mfumukazi), njovu, maulendo ndi mahatchi. Masewerawa amaphatikizapo mfumu imodzi (dzina la Kr.) Ndi mfumukazi (F), mawuni awiri (K), mizere iwiri (L), njovu ziwiri (C) ndi masana asanu ndi atatu (n.) Pa mbali iliyonse-16 chiwerengero cha onse.

Malamulo a kusewera chess kwa oyamba ndi ana: pafupifupi zovuta

Poyamba, zidutswa zonse pa bolodi zimasonyezedwa monga momwe ziliri pansipa.

Zonsezi zimapita mwachindunji, zodabwitsa kwa iwo okha:

1. Njovu imayenda mozungulira kumadera alionse kuchokera kumalo kumene kuli.
2. Rook ikhoza kusunthira kumalo aliwonse mu njira yowongoka kapena yopingasa, kuyambira pa malo omwe imayima.
3. Mfumukazi imasunthira kumalo alionse mozungulira, mwina pamtunda kapena pang'onopang'ono.
4. Akuluakulu, powauza malamulo a kusewera ana a chess, ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti njovu, rook kapena mfumukazi sizingatheke kukonzanso m'munda ngati zigonjetsedwa ndi mdani.
5. Hatchi imakhala ngati kalata "G", yomwe imagwira ntchito m'minda yomwe ili pafupi kwambiri ndi malo ake, koma siyiyenera kukhala yofanana, yosakanikirana kapena yowoneka.
6. Pawn ikhoza kusunthira patsogolo m'njira zingapo. Kuchokera pa malo oyambirira, mawonekedwewa akhoza kusunthira kumalo amodzi kapena awiri kutsogolo chimodzimodzi ngati ali omasuka ku maonekedwe ena. Mu malo ena aliwonse, pawn amayenda mofanana, koma pa munda umodzi. Chiwerengerochi chikhoza kuchotsa chifaniziro cha mdaniyo ngati chiri patsogolo pa denga lapafupi pafupi ndi chingwe chozungulira.
7. Malinga ndi malamulo oyambirira a chess, malo omwe amafika pamalo otsika kwambiri kuchokera kumalo ake oyambirira amasinthidwa kukhala njovu, rook, kavalo kapena mfumukazi ya mtundu womwewo.
8. Mfumuyo imapita kumunda wapafupi, ngati wopikisanayo samamuopseza pamalo atsopano.

   Ndiponso, chiwerengero chachikuluchi chingasunthidwe ndi castling.

   Ngati mfumuyo ikugwedeza mtundu womwewo, imasunthira kumalo ozungulira kwambiri: kuchokera kumunda woyambirira, mfumuyo imakonzedwanso kumalo awiri pa ulendowu, ndipo ulendowu "umadumphira" kudzera mwa mfumu kupita kumunda wotsatira pafupi naye.

Kuchita shah ndi mat

Shah ndikumenyana ndi mfumu. Muzochitika izi, kudziwa malamulo a masewera ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mudziwe momwe mungaphunzire kusewera chess. Inu simungakhoze kusuntha ndi chiwerengero china, kupatula mfumu, mpaka mutamutulutse iye pansi pa Shah. Mothandizidwa ndi njovu yakuda, mungathe kumangika mkhalidwe wa shahovaya kwa mfumu yoyera, koma, mosiyana ndi izi: Msilikali woyera amamuopseza mfumu yakuda.

M'mithunzi yotsatirayi, shah imatchulidwa zifaniziro zakuda, koma amatetezedwa ku izo mwa kusuntha njovu kupita ku c5.

Chikwama ndi shah chomwe sichitha kuperewera. Mtengo wotchulidwawo ndiwopambana. Buku lachikale: mfumukazi imamuukira mfumu, yemwe alibe njira yobwerera. Chotsani mfumukazi ku bwalo la mfumu silingathe, chifukwa chimateteza mfumu yoyera.

Matendawa akhoza kuikidwa ndi kuthandizidwa ndi rook: madontho wakuda f7, g7 ndi h7 amasokoneza chiwerengero chachikulu cha wakuda kuti achoke.

Mndandanda wa mabuku omwe mukuphunzira kusewera chess:

1. Levenfish G. Ya. "Bukhu loyamba la chess player" (1957).
2. Rokhlin Ya. G. "Chess" (1959).
3. Podgaets OA "Kuyendayenda kudera lamdima ndi lakuda" (2006).
4. Volokitin A., Grabinsky V. "Wodziphunzitsa kwa mwana prodigies" (2009).
5. Yudovich MM "Kusangalala Chess" (1966).
6. Eyve M. "Buku la chess game" (2003).
7. Khalas F. "Adventures mu Chess Kingdom" (2016).
8. Kalinichenko NM "Maphunziro a chess njira za akatswiri achinyamata" (2016).
9. Trofimova AS "Chinsinsi cha achinyamata a chess" (2016).
10. Chandler M. «Chess kwa ana. Ikani papa mate! "(2015).

Komanso tikukulimbikitsani kuti mudziwe malamulo osewera a backgammon ndi owona.