Mankhwala ogona anali ofunika kwa anthu zaka zikwi zingapo zapitazo. Panthawiyo, kunalibe mankhwala osokoneza bongo, makamaka pokonzetsa tulo, kukonzekera masamba, kuphatikizapo mankhwala osokoneza bongo (mwachitsanzo, opium). Pa cholinga chomwecho, zakumwa zoledzeretsa zinagwiritsidwa ntchito. Lero, pali magulu angapo a mankhwala omwe amapangidwa mu pharmacology. Mapiritsi aliwonse ogona ali ndi zizindikiro komanso zotsutsana, komanso chiwerengero chovomerezeka cha kuvomereza, kusagwirizana komwe kumayambitsa kuwonjezera.
Zotsatira za mapiritsi ogona
Kwa mapiritsi aliwonse ogona azinthu zofunikira amaikidwa patsogolo:
- kufulumizitsa nthawi yogona ndi kusintha ubwino wa tulo;
- osayambitsa chidakwa ndi kudalira;
- palibe zotsatirapo.
Mankhwala abwino kwambiri ochiritsira matenda osagona kugona sichinawuluke, ndipo alipo, nthawi zambiri, omwe amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kugonjetsa mapiritsi ogona m'kupita kwa nthawi kumawonjezera kuwonjezeka kwa mlingo, umene umadzaza ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana. Chimodzi mwa mavutowa ndi kupitirira malire kwa mapiritsi ogona.
Zotsatira za kupitirira malire kwa mapiritsi ogona
Choopsa chachikulu ndi chakuti palibe mankhwala enieni omwe amatsogolere kuwonjezera pake. Izi ndizokhazikika payekha ndipo zimadalira maonekedwe ambiri (msinkhu, kutalika, kulemera kwa munthu, anam anamisis). Chifukwa chimodzi, chingakhale mapiritsi khumi, koma kwa ena pali awiri okha. Ndi chifukwa chake pakugona mapiritsi nkofunikira kutsatira ndondomeko ya dokotala.
Powonjezereka pang'ono, kusokonezeka, kugona, kulankhula ndi kupuma, ziwonongeko zingachitike. Munthu amawoneka ngati atamwa mowa wambiri.
Powonjezereka kwa mapiritsi ogona ogona, nthawi zambiri mofanana ndi mowa, dongosolo lalikulu la mitsempha ndilopweteka. Gawo lachiwiri la tulo silikupezeka, pamene kupuma kumangobwera chabe, thukuta lamatope limatuluka pakhungu, ophunzira amayamba kuchepa, kutuluka kumakhala kosavuta komanso kofooka. Pa milandu yoopsa, matendawa amawoneka, ofanana ndi khunyu, khungu limatembenuka buluu, acidosis ikuyamba, zomwe zingabweretse ku coma.
Kuchulukitsitsa kwakukulu kwa mapiritsi ogona kungabweretse ku imfa kanthawi kochepa. Choncho, pamene munthu amene wagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ozunguza bongo amapezeka:
- Choyamba, muyenera kuyitana ambulansi.
- Ndiye yesani kutsuka m'mimba kwa wogwidwa.
- Perekani makala okonzedwa.