Khansara yamagazi ndi matenda omwe nthawi zambiri amawonekera pamayendedwe amtsogolo, omwe ndi amwano. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa momwe matendawa akugwirira ntchito, momwe munthu angaganizire za chitukuko chake, kuti athetse mavuto aakulu m'nthawi.
Zifukwa za khansa ya m'magazi
Sayansi ya zamankhwala sadziwa kwenikweni zomwe zimachitika m'thupi ndi njira yoyambitsa chiphuphu choopsa m'matumbo a m'mimba. Pankhaniyi, pali zinthu zingapo zosiyana, pamakhalapo chimodzi kapena zambiri zomwe zimachitika pafupipafupi:
- Matenda opweteka komanso opweteka a m'mimba, omwe amawoneka kuti ndi operewera (polyps, adenoma, zilonda zam'mimba, kutentha kwa nthaka, matenda a Crohn, matenda a celiac , etc.);
- zakudya zopanda thanzi (kuchuluka kwa zakudya zokazinga, mafuta, peppery, kusuta fodya, nyama yochulukirapo, kusagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kwa zomera, etc.);
- kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa;
- kusuta;
- kudzimbidwa kosatha ;
- kulowa kwa ma carcinogens mu thupi ndi chakudya;
- kunenepa kwambiri;
- kusowa kwa magalimoto;
- chibadwa chokhala ndi mafupa (ngati achibale oyandikana nawo anapezeka ndi khansa ya m'mimba, makamaka ali ndi zaka 45).
Kodi khansa ya m'mimba imawoneka motani?
Zizindikiro za khansa ya m'magazi, zizindikiro zoyamba za matendawa ndizosafunikira komanso zosafunika kwenikweni, nthawi zambiri zimakumbukira matenda ena ambiri a chimbudzi. Mu mankhwala, zizindikiro za khansa ya m'mimba zimagawidwa mu syndromes osiyana ndi mawonetseredwe otsatirawa:
1. Toxic-anemic, yogwirizana ndi kuphwanya kwa umphumphu wamatumbo mucosa ndi kulowa mkati mwa poizoni kuchokera mu thupi kupita ku magazi onse:
- kutopa mwamsanga;
- kufooka;
- ululu pamutu;
- ululu mmalo;
- kusintha mu mtima ndi chifuwa cha kupuma;
- kuwonjezeka pang'ono pa kutentha kwa thupi;
- kuchepa kwa hemoglobin m'magazi .
2. Inocolitis, yomwe imayambitsa matenda opweteka m'matumbo:
- kutsekula m'mimba kapena kudzimbidwa;
- ululu pamimba mukatha kudya;
- Kukhalapo kosaipitsidwa mu nyansi zofewa zamadzimadzi, zamagazi kapena zamkati;
- flatulence.
3. Dyspeptic, yogwirizana ndi matenda a m'mimba ntchito ndi metastasis m'chiwindi:
- kunyoza, kusanza;
- zochitika, zomwe zimadziwika ndi fungo losasangalatsa;
- ululu waukulu wamimba;
- matenda osungira.
4. Kutsekedwa, kotchulidwa pa nthawi ya mitsempha ya mitsempha komanso kupangika kotupa m'mimba.
- kumverera kosalekeza kwa mimba;
- ululu m'mimba mutadya;
- kudzimbidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, kumene mankhwala osokoneza bongo sakhala othandiza.
5. Pseudo-kutupa, kuonekera pa metastases mu ziwalo zakutali:
- ululu waukulu m'mimba;
- kukondwa;
- kudzimbidwa;
- nyansi zofiira ndi zonyansa zopanda pake;
- Zizindikiro za chiwalo chimene chakhala chokhazikika.
Khansara yamagazi - zizindikiro m'mayambiriro oyambirira
Khansara yamagazi, yoyamba yomwe imayesedwa, imachitika nthawi ndi nthawi, choncho nthawi zambiri samayang'anitsitsa wodwalayo ndipo amakakamizika kupita kwa dokotala. Kuti musaphonye chiyambi cha chitukuko cha matendawa, ndikofunika kumvetsetsa zizindikiro zotsatirazi zoyamba za khansa ya m'mimba:
- Zidutswa zamatenda m'matenda a m'mimba zimakhala ndi mitsempha ya magazi kapena suppository;
- kupweteka kwa khansa ya m'magazi kumakhala komweko m'mimba ndipo kumaperekedwa m'munsi kumbuyo, perineum;
- zofooka zosadziwika, kutopa, kusala kudya.
Khansa ya m'mimba yaikulu - zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro
Ngati pali khansa ya m'matumbo akulu, i.e. chotupacho chikuwonekera m'makoma a coloni, zotsatirazi ndizo:
- chosokoneza;
- chilakolako chosabalalira choletsa;
- zowawa kapena zopweteka zopweteka kumalo a subcostal kumanja kapena kumanzere;
- kuphulika.
Khansara ya m'mimba yaing'ono - zizindikiro ndi mawonetseredwe
Khansara ya m'mimba yaing'ono imapezeka nthawi zambiri, makamaka pakati pa amayi. Kawirikawiri, matendawa amapezeka kwa okalamba. Khansara ya zizindikiro za m'mimba zochepa zimakhala ndi izi:
- kupweteka kwapasitiki m'dera la epigastric;
- chisokonezo chosatha;
- ululu mu anus panthawi ya defecation;
- kusanza kwafupipafupi.
Miyeso ya khansa yamagazi
Pakukula kwa khansa ya m'magazi, akatswiri amasonyeza kuti pali zigawo zingapo zomwe zikuwonjezeka ndi zizindikiro za matenda:
- Gawo 0 - maonekedwe a mucosal minofu ya m'matumbo a ang'onoang'ono maselo otha msangamsanga omwe amagawanitsa mwamsanga ndipo akhoza kuphulika kukhala maselo owopsa;
- Gawo 1 - chotupa chaching'ono chiri m'makoma a matumbo (mu chipinda cham'mimba kapena chimbudzi), maselo am'mimba samakhudzidwa, palibe metastases;
- Gawo lachiwiri - minofu imagwira kukula kwa masentimita awiri mpaka masentimita asanu ndipo imakhudza zigawo zonse za m'mimba, matumbo asagwiritsidwe ntchito, mitsempha yapafupi imakhudzidwa;
- Gawo lachitatu - chotupa choyipa chimapitirira kuposa matumbo, kumayambitsa ziwalo zozungulira pafupi ndi ziwalo, kapena kumakhala mbali yaikulu ya matumbo, kumera mkati, ziwalo zozungulira zimakhudzidwa;
- Gawo lachinayi - khansa ya m'mimba imadziwika ndi metastase kutali (nthawi zambiri m'chiwindi, mapapo), chotupacho ndi chachikulu kwambiri.
Kuzindikira za khansa ya m'mimba
Pamene pali kukayikira kwa khansa ya m'mimba, anamnesis amasonkhanitsidwa, palpation m'mimba ndi digito yofufuza za chikhalidwe cha rectum. Izi ndi njira zoyamba zogwiritsira ntchito zomwe zilipo kale pa kuvomereza kwa dokotala. Pambuyo pake, wodwalayo amalandira kutumiza kwa ena mwa njira zotsatirazi:
- chiwonetsero ;
- chojambula;
- colonoscopy ;
- Irrigoscopy ;
- Ultrasound ya ziwalo za m'mimba;
- makompyuta ndi maginito ojambula zithunzi za ziwalo zoberekera;
- fibrocolonoscopy;
- chiwopsezo cha m'mimba ndi chiwindi;
- Laparoscopy.
Kuonjezera apo, zidzakhala zofunikira kuyesa magazi pamatenda a khansa, kuphatikizapo zitsanzo za khansa (chifukwa cha kukhala ndi maselo a khansa m'magazi) komanso kuphunzira za nyansi zochokera ku magazi. Ngati matendawa atsimikiziridwa kuti adziwe momwe amachitira matendawa komanso kusankha njira zothandizira mankhwala, zizindikiro za m'mimba zimatengedwera, zotsatiridwa ndi kafukufuku wake.
Kuchiza kwa khansa ya m'magazi
Kufunsa za momwe angachiritse matenda a kansa, mliri, choyamba, ayenera kuyesetsa kulimbana ndi matendawa ndi kukhulupirira kuti zotsatira zake zidzakhala bwino. Maziko a chithandizochi ndi opaleshoni yochotsa chotupa cha khansa ndiyeno chemotherapy kapena radiotherapy. Mu zotupa zosagwiritsidwa ntchito, pamene chotupacho chikukula kwambiri ndipo chimakhudza ziwalo ndi ziwalo zoyandikana ndipafupi, chithandizo chodwalitsa chimaperekedwa pofuna kusintha mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo ndi chemotherapy kuchepetsa kukula kwa metastasis.
Chemotherapy kwa khansa ya m'magazi
Poganizira momwe angapangire khansa ya m'mimba pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, dokotala amalingalira zinthu zosiyanasiyana: kuchuluka kwake kwa kuwonongeka ndi matenda a metastasis, msinkhu wa wodwala, matenda ozungulirana, etc. Ma Chemotherapy kawirikawiri amachitika asanayambe opaleshoni kapena mankhwala, mankhwala amachitidwa mobwerezabwereza. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsa ntchito 5-fluorouracil. Kuonjezerapo, mankhwala ena osokoneza bongo angagwiritsidwe ntchito: capecitabine, irinotecan, topotecan, ndi zina. Dosages ndi chemotherapy regimens zimasiyana.
Kugwira ntchito mu khansa ya m'magazi
Kuchiza kwa matendawa kumaphatikizapo opaleshoni, monga matumbo resection - kuchotsa chotupa pamodzi ndi gawo lomwe lakhudzidwa nalo. Nthawi zina mofanana, kuchotsedwa kwa mitsempha yowonongeka yomwe imawonongeka ndi maselo a kansa, minofu yambiri. Ntchitoyi ikhoza kuchitidwa mwambo wa chikhalidwe, kapena kupyolera m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono m'mimba. Kuphatikizanso apo, chifukwa chochotsedwa, mpeni wotchedwa radiosurgical nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndi kukula kochepa kwa chotupa, opaleshoni yopita kumtunda imagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'onopang'ono.
Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti sizingatheke nthawi zonse kuti tidziŵe bwino kukula kwake kwa chikopa komanso kuchuluka kwa minofu. Poganizira izi, nthawi zambiri opaleshoni yopaleshoni imafunika. Pamaso pa chipatala chachiwiri, opaleshoni yawo imatha. Ngati metastases imakhudza chiwindi, cryotherapy kapena laser therapy nthawi zina zimachitidwa pofuna kuchotsa minofu.
Kudya khansa ya m'magazi
Kupititsa patsogolo kulimbana ndi matenda owopsa, kusintha kwa kayendedwe kake ka zakudya, kudya zakudya, kudya zakudya, ndikofunika kusintha moyenera zakudya zamatenda a m'mimba. Sikofunika kokha chakudya chodyera, komanso boma la chakudya, malamulo oyenera kudya. Choncho, odwala amawonetsedwa chakudya chamagazi nthawi zambiri (maola 2-3), mozama, pang'onopang'ono kutaya chakudya asanayambe kudya. Chakudya chiyenera kukhala chofunda, chatsopano. Kuonjezerapo, muyenera kumamwa madzi ambiri.
Zakudya zotsatirazi, zokonzedwa ndi njira yotentha, stewing, steam processing, ndi zothandiza:
- masamba soups;
- Nsomba yowonda ndi nyama;
- phokoso;
- masamba, zipatso, zipatso;
- Zakudya zonenepa zonenepa zonenepa;
- mankhwala a macaroni kuchokera ku tirigu wa durumu, ndi zina zotero.
Contraindicated:
- mafuta onse, yokazinga, kusuta, otentha;
- mowa;
- mphesa zatsopano;
- chakudya chamzitini;
- pickling;
- khofi, kaka, tiyi wamphamvu;
- chokoleti;
- zakudya zopangira zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta obiriwira;
- mkaka wonse, ndi zina zotero.
Kuchiza kwa m'mimba ya khansa ndi mankhwala ochiritsira
Mmene mungaperekere khansa ya coloni ndi mankhwala ochiritsira, pali zambiri zambiri kuchokera kwa anthu omwe amadziwika bwino ndi azitsamba komanso othandizira mankhwala osayenera. Pa nthawi yomweyi, asanayambe kulandira chithandizochi, ayenera kudziwa kuti khansa silingagonjetsedwe ndi mankhwala okhaokha. Njira zoterezi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati wothandizira ndi chilolezo cha dokotala yemwe akupezekapo. Apa pali imodzi mwa maphikidwe omwe cholinga chake ndi kulimbikitsa chitetezo chokwanira, kuponderezana kugawidwa kwa maselo a khansa, kuteteza kudzimbidwa.
Kuchiritsa decoction
Zosakaniza:
- Msuzi wa Licorice wouma wosweka - tebulo limodzi. supuni;
- madzi - 1 galasi.
Kukonzekera ndi ntchito:
- Thirani zipangizo ndi madzi otentha.
- Ikani kusamba kwa madzi kwa kotala la ora.
- Limbikirani kwa mphindi 40.
- Kupsinjika, kozizira, onjezerani madzi kumtundu woyambirira wa madzi.
- Tengani supuni maminiti pang'ono musanadye katatu patsiku.
Khansara yamagazi - kufotokozera
Odwala omwe amayenera kumvetsera kuchokera kwa dokotala ngati matendawa, amakhala ndi chidwi ndi momwe amachitira ndi khansa ya m'mimba. Mosakayika yankhani funsoli n'zosatheka, chifukwa. Zonsezi zimatengera zifukwa zingapo ndi kuphatikiza zochitika. Malingana ndi chiwerengero, pambuyo pa khansara ya m'mimba ya siteji yoyamba, adachiritsidwa zaka zisanu ndi zisanu. Kansalu ya gawo lachiwiri, chizindikirochi chicheperachepera 55-80%, chachitatu - mpaka 50%, chachinayi - mpaka 1%. Pachifukwa ichi, kuthekera kwa kubwerera kwa odwala pambuyo pa zaka 5 mutatha kuchiza khansa kwafupika kufika pafupifupi zero.