- Adilesi: Toom-Kooli 6, 10130 Tallinn, Estonia;
- Yomangidwa: mu 1219;
- Zojambulajambula: zomangamanga za Gothic, zomangamanga za Baroque;
- Telefoni: +372 644 4140;
- Website: toomkirik.ee.
Chimodzi mwa akachisi akale kwambiri a Tallinn ndi Dome Cathedral, yomwe idakonza zochitika zamakono zamakono. Malinga ndi olemba mbiri, adakhazikitsidwa pa malo a tchalitchi cha matabwa, chomwe chinalipo kale mu 1219. Katolika ya Lutheran, yoperekedwa kwa Mariya Virgin Mary, ili ku Old Town . Nsanja ya kachisi imamangidwa kalembedwe ka Baroque, ndipo ena a chapeleri -zowonjezereka ali ofanana ndi zojambula zina. Pokayendera tchalitchichi, amasonyezedwa kuti anaikidwa m'manda a zaka za m'ma 1300, komanso zizindikiro ndi ma epitaphs, omwe amaimiridwa ndi chiwerengero cha zidutswa 107.
Mbiri ya Katolika
Katolika (Dome Cathedral) (Tallinn) imatchulidwa koyamba m'mbiri yakale mu 1233 chifukwa abale a gulu lankhondo la Khristu anapha Danes ndipo anaika matupi awo pafupi ndi chipinda cha tchalitchi. Chipinda choyamba cha matabwa chinapatulidwa mu 1240 monga tchalitchi chachikulu cha tchalitchi cha Roma Katolika. Tchalitchi chinatsegulidwa sukulu, yotchedwa Dome, yomwe inatchulidwa chaka cha 1319.
Kwa nthawi yoyamba kumangidwanso kwa tchalitchi chachikulu kunayamba mu theka lachiwiri la zaka za zana la 13. Pofika zaka za m'ma 1400 mpingo unali utchalitchi, koma chophimba chomaliza cha naves chikachitika kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 15. Mu 1561 mpingo unasandulika kukhala Katolika ya Lutheran. Moto wa 1694 unawononga zokongoletsera ndi nsanja zambiri pamwamba pa nsanja ya pakati. Kusintha kwakukulu pa mawonekedwe a nyumbayi kunakhudza nsanja ya kumadzulo, yomwe inamangidwa ndi Geist. Chiwalo chamakono chomwe chimaonekera pamaso pa oyendayenda chinakhazikitsidwa mu 1878 ndi mbuye wa Germany F. Lagedast.
Kuchokera kumayumba apachiyambi kunali mbali yokha ya guwa. Chifukwa cha kusagwirizana pakati pa mbiri yakale yokhudza chaka cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa tchalitchi, ngakhale asayansi sanena kuti zaka izi ndi gawo liti.
Kuyendera Katolika ku Dome ku Tallinn, muyenera kuona baroque cathedra, miyala yamtengo wapatali yosiyana siyana, ndi kukwera nsanja, kuchokera kumeneko mukhoza kuona malo okongola a mzinda wonsewo.
Mbali za zomangidwe za tchalitchi chachikulu
Pali nsomba zitatu mu tchalitchi, chomwe chapakati chimakhala ngati gawo la guwa la nsembe. Chinsanja cha kumadzulo cha tchalitchi chachikulu chimakhala ngati belu. Kuonjezerapo, kuzungulira nyumba yaikulu ndi nyumba zomangidwa m'madera osiyanasiyana.
Chokongoletsera chachikulu cha makoma osavuta omwe amapangidwa ndi mawindo apamwamba a lancet. Kuwongolera kwa chigawochi kumachepetsedwa ndi miyala yokhala pamwamba pa iwo, yomwe ndi zomangira. Kachisi ya Dome imatchuka chifukwa cha mabelu amene anaponyedwa pambuyo pa moto woopsa mu 1685. Ikongoletsedwa ndi chifaniziro cha Dona Wathu ndi Mwana ndi ndakatulo ya Chijeremani.
Pali kulembedwa pa belu lotsatira, laling'ono, lomwe limatchedwa "Mpulumutsi". Mipingo ya dome imayendetsedwa makamaka ndi alendo chifukwa cha zinthu zotsatirazi zimakhala:
- Mnyumba ya banja la Manteuffel, lopangidwa mu chikhalidwe cha Baroque;
- Aba wua - pamwamba pa guwa, pamwamba pa guwa.
- guwa likuyika Khristu kupachikidwa;
- Thupi lomwe limaonedwa kuti ndilo lalikulu kwambiri ku Estonia ndipo liri ndi phokoso loposa.
Mu tchalitchi chachikulu muli mitu ya anthu otchuka monga I.F. Krusenstern ndi mkazi wake, woyenda panyanja wa Russia, ndi mkulu wa sukulu wa Sweden - Pontus Delagardi. Mutha kuwona malo okongola a ku Estonia omwe alibe malo - Dome Cathedral, chithunzithunzi chake chomwe chilipo mu buku lililonse.
Chidziwitso kwa apaulendo
Okaona malo amalipira amaloledwa kuchitetezo cha nsanja, koma kuti izi zithetse masitepe 130. Alendo ambiri akudabwa kumene Katolika iyenera kufunidwa ku Old Town, ndi kupeza yankho lotsatira: ku Vyshgorod, Toom-Kooli, 6.
Kuonjezerapo, ndikofunikira kupeza nthawi ya maulendo, popeza pali zoletsa zina pazithandizo ndi masewera. Misonkhanoyi imakhala yotentha tsiku lililonse kuyambira 9 koloko mpaka 6 koloko masana. Nthaŵi yonseyi ndondomekoyi imasintha pang'ono, kapena m'malo mwake imachepetsanso kwa maola awiri kapena awiri.
Ngakhale mutayika mumzindawu, mungathe kufunsa komwe Katolika ya Dome imapezeka ndi anthu onse a Chiestonia, ndipo alendowa adzafotokozedwa ndikuwonetseratu njirayo. Mpingo umagwira nawo ntchito "Night at Museum", komanso amayesera njira iliyonse yodabwitsa ndikukondwera alendo. Chifukwa chake, pofika ku Tallinn, Dhedale la Dome sichidutsa ndi oyendayenda, kapena kutumizidwa ku mzindawo. Pambuyo pake, nyumbayi ndi imodzi mwa zinthu zazikuluzikulu zamzindawu.
Ndi tchalitchi cha Domsky chikugwirizana ndi zizindikiro zina ndi nthano. Kotero, pamodzi ndi iye pali sukulu, ndipo amakhulupirira kuti ngati wina agwira limodzi la makoma ake, chikhumbo chachikulucho chidzakwaniritsidwa ndithu. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ophunzira komanso ophunzira ambiri. Kuwonjezera apo, pafupi ndi khomo lalikulu la Katolika la Dome muli manda a manda, kumene Otto Johann Tuwe, a Don Juan akukhalapo. Kulowa m'kachisi, ndi mwambo wopempherera.
Kodi mungapeze bwanji?
Cathédrale ya Dome ili ku Old Town , Mphindi 7 kuchokera ku Town Hall Square , kotero sikudzakhala kovuta kuchipeza. Mzinda wakale ukhoza kufika poyendetsa pagalimoto: pa tram nambala 2 ndi nambala 4, mabasi nambala 17 ndi nambala 23.