Chiwombankhanga-2018 - nchiyani chomwe mungayembekezere ku mliri wotsatira?

Chaka chilichonse, kuyambira December mpaka March, chimfine chimabwera, kuyamba mliri wina. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusowa kwa katemera wa chilengedwe chonse, chomwe chingagwiritse ntchito vuto lililonse. Ndipo kulongosola kuti maonekedwe a konkire ndi ovuta, pambali pake, akhoza kusintha.

Matenda a chimfine

Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono timasunga chidziwitso cha majini ku RNA, chomwe chimasinthika mosavuta. Chotsatira chake, matenda a chiwindi amayamba kusinthidwa, zomwe zimafunika kuti apange katemera watsopano. Zimapangidwa kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, mtunduwu umatsimikiziridwa ndi ndondomeko ya WHO. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti katemera nthawi zonse sagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano.

Zoopsa kwambiri ndizosawonekeratu ku chitetezo cha mthupi, chomwe chimadutsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndikuyamba kuchitapo kanthu mochedwa. Kusintha koteroko kumatchedwa antigenic drift. Ochita kafukufuku amakhulupirira kuti zonsezi zimagwira ntchito m'madera otentha, kumene msinkhu wa kachilombo ka HIV umakhala pa msinkhu wofanana chaka chonse, ndipo palibe mliri wa nyengo.

Kodi chiyembekezero cha mtundu wanji chiyembekezeredwa mu 2018?

Mwadzidzidzi kuti mudziwe, ndi chifuwa chotani chomwe chidzakhala mu 2018, sichidzatha, chifukwa causative wothandizira nthawizonse amasintha mawonekedwe. WHO chaka chilichonse pamaziko a kafukufuku amachititsa maulosi ndi mauthenga okhudza mavuto, msonkhano umene uyenera kukonzekera. Chifukwa cha mliri ndi nkhuku B kapena A, koma ali ndi subtypes ambiri, kotero katemera wa chaka chatha sudzagwira ntchito. Zomwe zimapangidwira katemera zingaphatikizepo ma antibodies ochokera ku mitundu itatu yokha, chifukwa nyengo yeniyeni imanenedwa:

• Mchitidwe;
• Brisbane (chimfine cha Australia-2018);
• Fluji ya California-2018 (Michigan).

Fluji ya ku Australia

Dzina la H3N2 linapezedwa chifukwa cha kuphulika kumeneku, kumene kunachitika posachedwapa ku Australia. Buluzi ya Brisbane yakhala yovuta kwambiri zaka khumi zapitazo. Kenaka matendawa anabwera ku UK, n'zotheka kuti mavutowa adzafika kum'maŵa kwa Ulaya. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi ya mtundu A, ndi owopsa kwa okalamba, ana ndi matenda aakulu a mtima. Ena onse alibe mantha, zovuta ndizochepa. Chifuwa cha ku Australia chaka cha 2018, zomwe zizindikiro zake siziri zosiyana ndi anthu ena, zingatetezedwe ndi katemera, koma akatswiri amanena kuti zimagwira ntchito zovuta kuposa zoyenera za B.

Foni ya Hong Kong

Ichi ndi chigawo cha mbalame ya chimfine-2018, yomwe inawonekera zaka zitatu zapitazo ku Hong Kong. Kumapeto kwa chaka chatha, adasinthasintha, ndipo chitetezo chake sichinayambe. Pa chifukwa ichi ndi koyenera katemera, makamaka magulu omwe ali pachiopsezo - okalamba ndi ana. Zanenedweratu kuti chimfine cha Hong Kong-2018 chidzachitika nthawi zambiri kuposa ena. Vutoli ndi loopsya kwambiri pakali pano komanso pamtundu wakufa. Pali mavuto ambiri omwe amabwera chifukwa cha matenda a mtima komanso kuwonjezereka kwa mphumu yakufa .

Flu Michigan

Ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a A, omwe amachititsa kuti nkhumba ya nkhumba ikhale yotembenuzidwa . Kukhalapo kwa chitetezo cha H1N1 m'zaka zapitazi sikungateteze ku mavairasi a California, kotero katemera wapadera amafunika. Chiphuphu-2018 chimatchuka chifukwa cha mavuto ake, chodziwika ndi:

• Kuchulukitsa matenda aakulu omwe amachititsa kuti thupi liziyenda bwino, m'maganizo, m'magazi ndi m'magazi;
• kuponderezedwa kwa chitetezo;
• chiwindi;
• Kuwonjezera pa matenda a fungal kapena bakiteriya.

Flu-2018 - maulosi

Chaka chilichonse tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timasintha, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda atsopano. Matenda a chimfine mu 2018 ndi kusintha kwamasinthidwe, omwe amatha kufalikira mofulumira, kukulirakulira kuchuluka kwa milandu. Pokumbukira njira zowonetsetsa komanso chithandizo cham'tsogolo, chitukuko chabwino chakumapeto kwa nyengoyi chidzakhalabe. Ndikofunika kupewa kunyalanyaza kuopsa kwa matenda anu ngati muli ndi kachilombo ka HIV ndikupita kukaonana ndi dokotala m'kupita kwanthawi.

Chiphuphu-2018 - zizindikiro

Mawonetsero enieni amadalira mavuto omwe adzafalitsidwa kwambiri. Nthawi yosakaniza ilipo kwa onse, nthawiyo ndi masiku 2-4. Aliyense ali ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• kutentha kwakukulu;
• ululu wophatikizana ndi minofu;
• mutu;
• malungo;
• chisokonezo;
• kufooka;
• chizungulire;
• kuthetsa njala.

Fuluwenza yatsopano-2018, zizindikiro zomwe zimapitirira kwa masiku 4-7, zikhoza kuchitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

1. Zovuta. Kutha kwa mphamvu, kutentha sikukwera madigiri 38, chilakolako chachepa.
2. Zolemera-zamkati. Thupi limagunda mpaka madigiri 39, chifuwa chouma, mphuno yothamanga.
3. Zovuta. Kutentha, kunyowa, kutentha kwa madigiri 40, kuzizira.
4. Wopanda mphamvu. Ndizochepa, zoopsa. Amayamba msanga, patangotha ​​maola angapo atatha kudwala, chifuwa chimakula, kenako kutuluka m'mphuno kumayamba, kusanza kumayamba.

Ndikosavomerezedwa kwambiri kuti adzichitire chithandizo pamene:

• kutentha kwakukulu, osati kugwedezeka kwa masiku 3-4;
• mpweya wochepa;
• kumutu kwa mutu;
• phokoso;
• khungu la khungu.

Chiphuphu-2018 - mankhwala

Dokotala angapereke mankhwala othandizira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a homeopathic kapena mankhwala okhudza interferon omwe alibe umboni wotsimikizirika. Mphamvu ya Remantadine yatsimikiziridwa, koma chifukwa cha mndandanda waukulu wa zotsutsana zomwe sizinapangidwe. Pachifukwa ichi, katswiriyo adzalangiza zomwe ayenera kuchiza chimfine-2018, potsatira zizindikilo zolembedwa.

1. Kumwa. Kuwonjezeka kwa madzi akumwa kumathandiza kuchepetsa zotsatira za kuledzera. Njira yabwino ndi madzi oyera, tiyi ndi mtundu wa laimu, chamomile, oregano ndi thyme.
2. Maantibayotiki. Amaikidwa ngati akuganiza kuti ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda (Suprax, Amoxiclav, Amoxicillin).
3. Antipyretic. Tiyenera kutentha thupi pamwamba pa madigiri 38, pamene zinthu zikhala zoopsa. Izi zisanachitike, kutuluka kwa kutentha ndikofunika kuti chilengedwe chichoke (Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Paracetamol).
4. Antihistamines. Chiphuphu-2018 sichiri chithandizo, koma chimathandiza kuchotsa maso ofiira ndi kutupa kwa nasopharynx, kuwonetsa chikhalidwe chonse (Diazolin, Promethazine, Pheniramine).
5. Mankhwala oledzera (Bromhexine, Ambroxol).
6. Madontho a vasodilating. Amayenera kusemphana ndi minofu, yomwe imaletsa kupuma (Nazol, Tysin, Naphthysine).
7. Zosakanikirana ndi zotupa. Kuchepetsa kukhumudwa pammero (Sepptule, Lugol, Strepsils).
8. Mavitamini. Kafukufuku wam'mbuyo posonyeza kuti ascorbic asidi samakhudza ntchito ya chitetezo. Choncho, chithandizo chenicheni cha iwo sichiyenera kuyembekezera, chingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati njira yothandizira (Aevit, Nicotinic ndi ascorbic acid).

Chiphuphu-2018 - mavuto

Chithandizo cholakwika chimatanthauzira matendawa mwa mawonekedwe osanyalanyazidwa, zomwe zimabweretsa mavuto aakulu. Fluenza A mtundu makamaka nthawi zambiri amakhala chifukwa chawo. Mavuto angakhudze mavuto omwe alipo kale, zotsatirazi ndizofala.

1. Bakiteriya chibayo. Ikupita masiku 2-3 pambuyo pa mawonetseredwe owala, pang'ono kusinthako kumalowetsedwa ndi chifuwa chobiriwira ndi chikasu chachikasu ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha.
2. Otitis, sinusitis.
3. Matenda a chibayo . Zimaphatikizidwa ndi chifuwa chouma, mpweya wochepa komanso mavuto omveka a ntchito yopuma.
4. Kusokonezeka kwa poizoni. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito yofunikira kwambiri ya kachilomboka, ntchito ya impso ndi mtima wamaganizo imasokonezeka.
5. Maningitis, encephalitis. Kutupa kumakhudza ubongo.
6. Glomerulonephritis. Kusokonezeka kwa impso chifukwa cha kutupa tulo.

Kuteteza Fuluwenza mu 2018

Pofuna kuteteza matendawa, njira yowonjezera chitetezo chokwanira yakhazikitsidwa:

• phwando la vitamini complexes;
• kudya;
• zochitika zochitika nthawi zonse;
• kuchepetsa kuchepetsa nkhawa;
• kugona kwa ora la eyiti;
• kukana zizoloŵezi zoipa;
• kutsatira malamulo a ukhondo.

Komanso, muyenera kuchepetsa kulankhulana ndi anthu odwala. Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti katemera woteteza fuluwenza ingathandizenso kupewa matenda. Gwiritsani ntchito ndikofunikira mpaka chiwerengero cha mliriwu, chifukwa chitetezo chimapangidwa mkati mwa masiku khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri. Musanayambe kulandira jekeseni, akufunsani dokotala, zomwe zidzakuuzeni za kutsutsana. Ngati munthu ali ndi chidwi, kuyabwa, matenda, kutentha thupi ndi kufooka zingathe kuchitika. Ana amatha kulekerera katemera ali ndi zaka 2-5, koma mukhoza kuyamba pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Kwa okalamba, ndondomekoyi ilibe mphamvu.