- Adilesi: Chilumba cha Easter, Chile;
- Zapangidwa pakati pa 1250 ndi 1500;
- Nambala yowerengeka: mafano 887;
- Avereji kulemera: osakwana matani asanu;
- Avereji ya kutalika: 3-5 mamita.
Chimodzi mwa zozizwitsa za dziko lapansi, ziboliboli za moai, zili pachilumba cha Easter , chomwe chili pakatikati pa nyanja ya Pacific. Chilumbacho ndi cha Chile , icho chinatchedwa dzina lake, chifukwa icho chinatsegulidwa ndi woyenda wa Dutch pa Sunday Easter. Kuwonjezera pa ziboliboli, alendo amapita kukaona malo amodzi, mapiri a mapiri, mabombe okhala ndi madzi owoneka bwino a buluu.
Moai - ndondomeko ndi mfundo zochititsa chidwi
Aliyense waonapo ziboliboli pa chilumba cha Easter kulibe - chithunzi cha zikumbutso ndi zochuluka, koma sichidzawoneka bwino, kotero pa nthawi yoyamba muyenera kuyendera chilumba ndikuyang'ana iwo amoyo.
Kodi pali ziboliboli zingati pa chilumba cha Easter? Chifukwa cha kufufuza kwanthawi zonse zakale, zakhala zotheka kupeza zotsamba za 887. Zimphona zamwalazi ndi mitu ikuluikulu ndi thupi losasunthika zimafalikira ponseponse pachilumbacho.
Kodi zithunzizi ndi chiani pa chilumba cha Easter? Anthu ammudzi amawatcha moai, kuwapatsa mphamvu zenizeni ndikukhulupirira kuti dongo ndilo mphamvu yauzimu pachilumbachi. Ndizowona kuti nyengo yabwino imakhazikitsidwa, kupambana mu chikondi ndi nkhondo, kukolola kwa chuma chochuluka n'kotheka. Nthawi zambiri mukhoza kumva kuti ziboliboli zamwala za pachilumba cha Isitala zimasankha malo okhazikitsa. Mana, omwe amachitcha mphamvu yamachilendo, amavomereza zithunzizo, kenako amapeza malo awo.
Kodi mafano opangidwa pa chilumba cha Easter ndi chiyani? Maonekedwe awo amatha zaka za m'ma 1300 ndi 1600. Ambiri a moai amapangidwa kuchokera ku mapiri a volcanic, omwe angathe kusinthidwa mosavuta, ndipo gawo lochepa chabe - kuchokera ku trachyte kapena basalt. Komanso, pali fano lomwe limalemekezedwa kwambiri ndi anthu ammudzi - Hoa-Haka-Nan-Ya, omwe amapangidwa kuchokera ku mujierite wa mapiri a Rano Kao.
Kodi zifanizo za chilumba cha Easter zinachokera kuti? Mwachiwonekere, zomanga zawo zinatenga nthawi yochuluka, khama. Choyamba, panali nthano za mtsogoleri wa banja la Hotu Matu, yemwe poyamba adapeza chilumbacho ndikukhalapo. Mu 1955 mpaka 1956 choonadi chinamveketsedwa, izi zinachitika pamene wolemba mbiri yakale wotchuka wa ku Norway, dzina lake Thor Heyerdahl, adafika ku chilumba cha Easter - zifaniziro, zomwe zinayambira ndi malingaliro a asayansi onse, zinakhazikitsidwa ndi mafuko a "aatali". Dzina losayembekezereka limeneli linawonekera chifukwa cha makutu aatali omwe anali okongoletsedwa ndi ndolo zolemera. Popeza chinsinsi cholenga moai chinali chobisika kwa anthu achimwenye, anthu amadziwika kuti ndi zozizwitsa.
Monga momwe anafotokozera kwa apaulendo otsalawo a "fuko lalitali", zikumbutso za moai zinalengedwa ndi makolo awo. Iwo okha ankadziwa njira yopanga zokha pokhapokha mwachinsinsi. Koma atapempha zofuna za Tour Heyerdahl, oimira fukoli anajambula fanoli ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali, anawatengera ku malo ena, ndipo anakweza mitengo itatu, miyala yoyala pansi pamunsi. Njira imeneyi idaperekedwa pamayambiriro ku mibadwomibadwo, kuyambira ana aang'ono adamvera nkhani za akuluakulu ndikubwereza zomwe adakumbukira. Izi zinapitirira mpaka ana ataphunzira njira yonseyi.
Amankhuni a mafano oipa
Zithunzi za moai za pachilumba cha Easter zinatsutsidwa kuti anthu am'deralo adzawonongedwa. Ngati mumakhulupirira gulu limodzi la asayansi, kumangidwe kwa zipilala kunachititsa kuti nkhalango iwonongeke, chifukwa iwo ankanyamula matabwa okwera matabwa. Chifukwa cha ichi, magwero a chakudya adatsika, ndipo posakhalitsa kunagwa njala. Zimenezi zinachititsa kuti anthu a m'derali athe kutha. Gulu lina la asayansi limanena kuti makoswe a Polynesia ndiye amene amachititsa kuti mitengo iwonongeke. Zithunzi zamakono zakhala zikubwezeretsedwa kale m'zaka za zana la 20, popeza zivomezi ndi tsunami zasokoneza kwambiri. Zakale zazing'ono zidapulumuka, zomwe zidakhazikitsidwa ndi Rapanui wakale.
Zosangalatsa zodabwitsa
Poyamba, miyala yamtengo wapatali inali yooneka ngati yodabwitsa kwambiri m'mphepete mwa chilumba cha Easter. Popeza akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale sanasiye kuyesa kumvetsa cholinga cha mafano, kufufuza kunayamba. Zotsatira zake, pamene zifanizo za pachilumba cha Isitala zidasindikizidwa, adapeza kuti mitu ili ndi mitengo, matalikidwe ake onse ndi pafupifupi mamita 7. Moi 150 omwe amadziwika bwino kwambiri amaikidwa pamapewa, omwe adanyenga anthu kuti mutu. Tsopano kuti dziko lonse lapansi lapeza kuti iwo adapeza pansi pa zifanizo pa chilumba cha Easter, kuyendayenda kwa alendo akuwonjezeka, zomwe anthu ammudzi amakondwera nacho, chifukwa zokopa alendo ndizo zimapindulitsa kwambiri pachilumbachi.