Hemangioma mwa ana obadwa - momwe mungasiyanitse ndi mole ndi choti muchite?

Pafupifupi ana atatu pa 100 alionse amabadwa ndi mdima wofiira pamaso kapena pamutu, ndipo ana 10% amapangidwa m'chaka choyamba cha moyo. Hemangioma iyi ndi zotupa zowononga zopangidwa ndi maselo omwe amayendera makoma a mitsempha. Neoplasm imakhala yokonzeka kudzipatula.

Hemangioma mwa ana obadwa - amachititsa

Sizidziwikiratu chifukwa chake matendawa amapezeka mwa ana. Mwachionekere, hemangioma mwa ana obadwa pamutu imapangidwa mu nthawi ya embroniyo motsutsana ndi chitukuko chosawonongeka cha mitsempha ya magazi. Izi zikhoza kuyambitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena pa nthawi ya mimba, kutengerapo kwa kupuma kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi mabakiteriya .

Pali zifukwa zina zomwe zimayambitsa hemangioma mwa ana omwe akubadwa kumene, zifukwa ndizovuta kuwononga zachilengedwe kapena kugwiritsa ntchito poizoni ndi mayi. Kafukufuku wam'tsogolo wasonyeza kuti chotupa chochititsa manyazi chomwe chikugwiritsidwa ntchito chikhoza kuyambitsa matenda a hormonal, makamaka ngati chachikazi ndi chachikazi.

Mitundu ya hemangiomas mwa makanda

Chiwerengero cha chofotokozedwa cha neoplasm chimachokera ku ziphunzitso zake za morphological. Hemangioma mwa ana agawidwa m'magulu awa:

• zosavuta ( capillary );
• cavernous ( cavernous );
• zosakanikirana (kuphatikiza).

Capillary hemangioma mwa makanda

Izi zimakhala ndi tinthu loyipa bwino lomwe lili ndi maselo omwe amalowa mkati mwa makoma a mitsempha yambiri. Hemangioma yosavuta pa nkhope ya mwana (kapena pamutu) sichikuya kwambiri kuposa tsamba la epidermal. Zili ndi malire omveka bwino, malo osungunuka. Ngati mukanikiza pa chotupacho, icho chidzasintha, ndiye mwamsanga mubwezeretseni chikhalidwe chake, chofiirira-bluish, mtundu.

Cavernous hemangioma mwa makanda

Matenda a cavernous ali pansi pa khungu. Zimaphatikizapo ndi mizere yambiri yomwe ili ndi magazi. Cavernous hemangioma m'matakanda amawoneka ngati chithunzithunzi cha cyanotic ndi zofewa ndi zotsekeka. Pamene kuponderezedwa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ku chotupacho, chimagwa ndipo chimakhala chotupa chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa magazi kuchokera ku mitsempha. Ngati mwana akukokera, zojambulajambula, kapena kupanikizika kulikonse kumakhala ndi kuwonjezereka, kukula kumakula kukula.

Aphatikiza hemangioma mwa ana obadwa kumene

Zosakaniza zosiyana siyana zimaphatikizapo zizindikiro za chotupa chosavuta komanso chosautsa. Cavernous-vascular hemangioma mwa ana samaphatikizapo maselo a capillary makoma, komanso matenda ena:

• mantha;
• kulumikizana;
• Lymphoid.

Kuphatikizana ndi hemangioma mwa ana obadwa kumene ali ndi gawo lachidziwitso komanso lachidule. Ikhoza kuyenda mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana:

• angioneuroma;
• hemlymphangioma;
• angiofibroma ndi ena.

Hemangioma - zizindikiro

Chithunzi cha kachipatala cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi osapita m'mbali, choncho amapezeka mosavuta pofufuza ndi dermatologist. Kodi hemangioma ikuwoneka bwanji ngati makanda obadwa kumene kumadalira mtundu wake:

1. Zambiri - burgundy bluish tubercle ndi zomveka bwino ndi knobby dongosolo, ofanana ndi wart.
2. Cavernous - kutulutsa khungu kofiira. Zimasonyeza bwino lomwe hemangioma iyi ikuwoneka ngati makanda, chithunzi chomwe chili pansipa.
3. Zosakanikirana - zokhala pansi pa khungu, zimakhala ngati mawonekedwe a capillary.

Kodi mungadziŵe bwanji hemangioma kuchokera ku birthmark?

Zimakhala zovuta kuti makolo azidzipatula kuti adziwe kusiyana kwa zotupa ndi ziwalo zina za khungu. Hemangioma wa khungu la ana obadwa kumene angafanane ndi nevus (birthmark) yayikulu, birthmark kapena wart. Kwa iye kuchokera ku ziphuphu zosautsazi, muyenera kuyika pang'ono phokosolo. Hemangioma nthawi yomweyo imatuluka chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa magazi, koma pang'onopang'ono adzabwezeretsa mtundu wake. Zotsalayo za khungu zidzakhalabe mthunzi umodzimodzi. Chizindikiro china ndi chakuti kutentha kwa chotupacho ndi chapamwamba kwambiri kuposa chigawo chapafupi.

Zovuta za hemangioma kwa ana

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo sakhala ndi zotsatira zoopsa. Nthaŵi zambiri, maseŵera a hemangioma m'mimba mwachangu ndi osawawa ndipo sawonjezeka kukula. Kawirikawiri zimayamba kukula ndi kumabweretsa mavuto ngati awa:

• kutaya magazi motsutsana ndi kusokonezeka;
• matenda a chotupa, kukhudzidwa;
• kupanikizika kwa zida zozungulira ndi zomangamanga, kuphwanya ntchito zawo;
• zilonda zam'mimba;
• necrosis (kufa) khungu.

Kodi mungatani kuti muzisamalira ana a hemangioma?

Ngati mwanayo amapezeka ndi matenda osavuta, chotupacho chimakhala ndi maselo okhaokha ndipo sichitha kukula mofulumira, kuyembekezera ndi kuyang'ana njira. Mtundu woterewu umangoyang'anira nthawi zonse. Izi ziyenera kuonetsetsa kuti sizikula kapena kukula pang'onopang'ono, mofanana ndi thupi la mwana wakhanda.

Ambiri a capillary hemangiomas amasungunula momasuka pamene mwana akukula. Kugonjetsa mobwerezabwereza kumachitika pang'onopang'ono. Choyamba, pakati pa chotupacho mumakhala malo otumbululuka, omwe amakhala pafupi ndi mtundu wa mthunzi. Iwo amakula, akufikira malire a malire omangidwa. Pakapita zaka zingapo chiwopsezo chimakhala chachichepere ndipo pamapeto pake chimatha zaka 3-7.

Ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, mankhwala aakulu a hemangioma ana amawonetsedwa. Njira zogwiritsira ntchito zimangotchulidwa kuyambira pa miyezi itatu, ndipo nthawi zambiri opaleshoni imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa ana obadwa (kuyambira masabata 4-5 a moyo). Malinga ndi chikhalidwe chonse cha thupi, mtundu wa matenda, kukula kwake ndi kukula, dokotala adzalangiza ntchito yabwino kwambiri:

• sclerosing;
• chithunzi;
• chodabwitsa;
• chotsitsa;
• opaleshoni yokakamiza.

Sclerotherapy ya hemangioma mwa ana

Njira imeneyi imalingaliridwa kuti ndiyoyikira, koma imafuna kukhazikitsa njira zingapo. Sclerotherapy imaperekedwa ngati hemangioma ikupezeka mwa ana osapitirira chaka chimodzi, ili pambali, mu nkhope kapena partid region, ili ndi miyeso yaing'ono. Pamaso pa chotupa chachikulu mwa ana obadwa kumene, njirayi si yoyenera chifukwa cha chiopsezo cha zilonda zam'mimba ndi zilonda pa khungu.

Sclerotherapy ikuchitika pang'onopang'ono:

1. Kukonzekera. Malo ochiritsidwa amachotsedwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mowa kapena ayodini.
2. Anesthesia. Khungu limakonzedwa ndi kupweteka kwa thupi komweko.
3. Kuyamba kwa sclerosant. Mankhwalawa amakhala oledzera (70%) kapena sodium salicylate (25%). Nthawi zambiri ana amapatsidwa quinine urethane. Mankhwalawa ali ndi malingaliro apamwamba, koma ali oopsa kwambiri, makamaka ngati mwana ali wakhanda. Majekeseni amapangidwa ndi singano zochepa (0.2-0.5 mm). Chifukwa chogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ochepa, majekeseni amawerengedwa molingana ndi kukula kwa chifuwa chachikulu.
4. Kutupa. Pambuyo pake, ziwiyazo zimatuluka ndi kutsekemera, m'malo mwake zimakhala m'malo amodzi. Njirayi imatenga masiku 7-10, ndipo kutupa kumadutsa.
5. Bwerezani njirayi. Kufikira kukonzanso kwathunthu kwa mankhwalawa, jekeseni 3 mpaka 15 amafunika.

Kutsekemera kwa hemangioma

Njira yowonongeka ya tizilombo tobadwa kumene imakhala yofulumira komanso yopanda ululu, koma imakhala ndi mavuto ena. Mothandizidwa ndi kutsekemera, hemangioma imachotsedwa kwa ana mpaka chaka ngati sioplasm ili pamaso. Pambuyo poyang'ana madzi a nayitrojeni, chowoneka chodziwika chikhoza kukhalabe pakhungu, ngakhale chisindikizo chododometsa, chimene chidzachotsedwa ndi kuukitsidwa kwa laser pa msinkhu wina.

Ndondomeko yowonongeka:

1. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Hemangioma imachotsedwa ndi mowa kapena njira yochepa ya ayodini.
2. Kuzizira. Kupyolera mu khungu kochepa, jet ya madzi a nayitrojeni amaperekedwa kwa neoplasm kwa masekondi atatu mpaka 10, malingana ndi kukula kwa chotupacho.
3. Kuwonongedwa kwa hemangioma. Pambuyo pomangidwanso, nthendayi yopanda kanthu imapangidwira pamalo osowa. Imeneyi ndi njira yachizolowezi yotayika ya minofu komanso imfa ya mitsempha.
4. Kubwezeretsa. Pang'onopang'ono msuziwo amakhala wamng'ono ndipo amatsegulidwa mwachangu. M'madera ake muli mitundu yambiri yothamanga.
5. Machiritso. Pa nthawi ya kukonzanso, m'pofunikira kuchiza bala ndi kuyanika njira zothandizira antiseptic. Ndibwino kuti tisawononge ana omwe amabadwa kumene kapena kuika mitsempha kuti mwanayo mwangozi asawononge ziphuphuzo. Ayenera kugwa okha.

Electrocoagulation ya hemangioma

Kuwopsyeza kumatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa njira zogwira mtima komanso zowonongeka zothana ndi chotupa chochititsa manyazi. Mothandizidwa ndi electrocoagulation, ndiye kuti hemangioma yokhayokha (yosavuta) yosabadwayo imachiritsidwa, kuchotsedwa kwa cavernous kapena kusakanikirana kwabwino kumachitika bwino ndi njira zina. Zopindulitsa za njira yomwe ikufunsidwa ndizotheka kuthetsa chotupa mu gawo limodzi lokha, chiopsezo chochepa cha matenda opweteka ndi machiritso mwamsanga.

Ndondomeko ya Electrocoagulation:

1. Mankhwala opatsirana a khungu. Kawirikawiri mowa kapena ayodini amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
2. Anesthesia wamba. Pansi pa malo omwe ali ndi hemangioma, jekeseni zingapo ndi mankhwala opweteka amachitidwa.
3. Kuchotsa. Pogwiritsa ntchito phokoso lachitsulo, dokotalayo amachititsa kuti phokoso likhale ndi mphamvu ya magetsi kwa mphindi 1-5, malinga ndi kukula kwa chilema.
4. Kukonzekera. M'madera otetezedwa, pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo bala limapangidwa, litaphimbidwa ndi kutumphuka. Sichikhoza kuchotsedwa, mwana wakhanda adzayenera kusinthanitsa manja ake.

Kuchotsa hemangioma ndi laser ana

Njira yoperekedwa ndi njirayi ndi yotetezeka kwambiri komanso yothandiza kwambiri pamatenda omwe ali pamwamba pa khungu la mwana wakhanda. Kuchotsa hemangioma kwa ana ndi laser kungathe kuchitidwa pa msinkhu uliwonse, ngakhale mwanayo ali wakhanda (kuyambira mwezi woyamba). Njira yamakonoyi imapereka zotsatira zoyenera pa gawo limodzi, sizimayambitsa kupanga zipsera ndikulepheretsanso matenda.

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito laser ndiyo kutuluka kwa madzi ndi kusuntha mwazi m'ziwiya. Makoma awo akugwirana palimodzi, ndipo zotupa zowononga zikuchepa pang'onopang'ono.

Miyeso yowonongeka:

1. Mankhwala opatsirana a khungu.
2. Anesthesia wam'midzi ali ndi jekeseni wamagetsi.
3. Kutsekemera kwa chotupacho ndi mtanda wa laser.
4. Ikani bandage wosabala ku mafuta ochiritsira.
5. Kukonzanso khungu. Pa nthawi yobwezeretsa, makolo obadwa kumene ayenera kuthana ndi chilonda nthawi zonse ndi mankhwala oletsedwa, agwiritseni ntchito machiritso kapena mafuta odzola, musalole kuti mwanayo athetsedwe.

Kuchotsa opaleshoni ya hemangioma

Njira yodalirika imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, pamene mapangidwe atsopanowa sapezeka pamtunda, koma m'magawo ake akuya. Asanachotse ana a hemangioma ndi scalpel, dokotalayo angalimbikitse njira zoyenera kukonzekera kapena kuchepetsa kukula kwa kukula kwake.

Zotsatira za opaleshoni:

1. Anesthesia. Malingana ndi kukula kwa chilema, malo amtundu kapena anesthesia ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
2. Excision. Pogwiritsira ntchito scalpel, dokotala amachotsa hemangioma ndi minofu yathanzi yothandizira kuti asabwerere.
3. Kusamba, chithandizo cha antiseptic cha bala.
4. Kugwiritsa ntchito bandage wosabala ndi antibacterial ndi mafuta ochiritsa.
5. Nthawi yobwezeretsa. Kubwezeretsa kumatha milungu ingapo. Posamalira mwana wakhanda, palibe zipsera kapena iwo ali pafupi osawoneka.