Vampires ndi zolengedwa zomwe ziri zofananako za kukopa kwa anthu kuti "eros ndi toatos" (molingana ndi Freud): zolengedwa zogonana zomwe zimabweretsa chisangalalo ndi imfa. Chilakolako cha kugonana ndi imfa nthawi zonse chimakhala ndi chidwi ndikupeza njira yopita kumisonkhano yamseri. Kotero, Mlengi wa vampire wotchuka kwambiri padziko lonse, Bram Stoker, anali membala wa bungwe lachinsinsi la Golden Dawn. Palibe chinthu chapadera pa nthawi imeneyo: matsenga, chidziwitso chabisika, alchemy, miyala yafilosofi ndi zina zatsopano-zasayansi, kuphatikizapo kufufuza zamampires. M'zaka za m'ma XXI chidwi cha kugonana kwa magazi sichitha. Umboni ndi alendo osamukira ku nyumba ya Dracula.
Magazi a magazi ndi vampire kapena wozunzidwa ndi zolakwika zapadziko lonse?
Kodi nyumba ya Count Dracula ili kuti, ngakhale ana aang'ono kwambiri amadziwa. Inde, ku Transylvania. Mwachidziwitso, kuli kuderali ku Romania kuti tiyang'ane misonkhano ndi maiko omveka.
Nyumba ya Count Dracula ku Romania imatchedwa Bran. Mwa njirayi, Dracula si dzina lopangidwa ndi Bram, koma mbiri yakale yotchulidwa ndi Vlad Tepes, yemwe amawonedwa ngati chithunzi cha protagonist (kuchokera ku Bram mwini). Kokha kwa vampirism, dzina ili loti sikutanthauza kanthu kalikonse. M'masuliridwe, mawu akuti "dracula" amatanthauza "mwana wa chinjoka". Bambo a Vlad anali mu dongosolo lalitali la Dragon, ankavala beji ya dongosolo ndi chithunzi cha cholengedwa chamaganizo, ndalama zosindikizidwa ndi fano lake ndipo ngakhale anajambula chinjoka pamakoma a mipingo. Zinali chifukwa cha chikondi chake chapadera kwa abambo a chinjoka kuti abambo a Vlad adalandira dzina loti "Goli". Popeza kuti nthawi imeneyo yakale palibe amene anali ndi mayina, omwe anali a mtunduwo ankasonyezedwa mwa kutchulidwa dzina la bambo kapena dzina la kwawo: Don Quixote wa La Mancha, d'Artagnan (wochokera ku malo a Artagnan), Vlad Dracula-Vlad, mwana wa Dragon.
Ngakhale kuti kwenikweni Vlad sanali vampire, koma, malinga ndi mbiri ya mbiri yakale, chikhumbo chake chofuna kutaya mwazi chikhoza ngakhale kugunda Dracula. Dzina lake lachiwiri - Tsepesh, - kalonga adalandira chikondi chapadera chakupha podutsa pamtengo. Malingana ndi nthano zambiri, nyumba ya Tepes inayendetsedwa ndi maluwa ena, omwe tsiku ndi tsiku osasangalalira atsopano.
Olemba mbiri amaona kuti n'kofunika kukayikira kukula kwa nkhanizi. Bukhu lokhalo la mbiriyakale la 1463, limene mapepala am'mbuyo amalozera, ndilo lingaliro lachinyengo. Choyamba, nkhani zambiri za Tsepesh zokhudzana ndi mwazi zinali zopindulitsa. Mfumu ya Hungary inakondwera ndi nkhaniyi, yomwe ingakope chidwi ndi mamembala a mpando wachifumu wa papa ndipo kwa nthawi yayitali imawalepheretsa kuzinthu zina (Hungary adapatsidwa ndalama zambiri pa gulu la nkhondo, chiwerengerocho chinasokonekera mopitirira cholinga chachikulu ndipo mfumuyo inkaopa mantha a Papa). Turkey zaka ziwiri chisanafike munthu wina wosatchula dzina lake Vlad anakana kupereka msonkho. Ndi anyamatawa, adatsogolera kulimbikira kwanthawi zonse. Nthaŵi zambiri, mu ulamuliro wake, Vlad anali wokonzanso kwenikweni, ndipo nthawi zonse amachititsa kuti aphedwe. Anapanga zida zankhondo motsutsana ndi anthu a ku Turkey, omwe ankazunzidwa mwankhanza ndi achifwamba, ngakhale achifwamba ang'onoang'ono. Amanena kuti panthawi ya ulamuliro wa Tepes, mumatha kuika ndalama mumsewu, ndipo patapita sabata mudzawapeza pamalo omwewo.
Chachiwiri, kukayikira kwa chidziwitsochi n'chakuti malemba oyambirira a Vlad a nkhanza sanapezeke. Zolemba zonse za mbiri yake yazimene zimayambitsa magazi zinali zokhudzana ndi chidzudzulo chopanda kudziwika, chomwe chinafotokozedwa mu 63 ku Germany.
Mphaka wakupha kapena malo otetezeka?
Ulendo wopita ku Castle of Count Dracula umaopseza alendo kuti akhumudwe. Oyendayenda sangalepheretse zofuna za alendo kuti alowe nawo, ndipo adzakuwuzani kuti nyumbayi ilibe chochita ndi Vlad Dracula Tzepes. Kalonga pano sanakhalepo konse. Iwo amanena izo, zikuwoneka, kamodzi ataima pano. Kapena ilo linali pano mu ndende yomwe inkagwiridwa ndi a ku Turks. Kawirikawiri, malingaliro amasiyana, ndipo zoona zimapitiriza kukhala chete. Komabe, kuyendayenda kwa alendo sikufooka.
Zilizonse zomwe mumaphunzira, mpweya wa chipinda cha Dracula Castle ku Romania nthawi zonse umagwirizanitsidwa ndi amampires. Malo osungiramo nyumbayi ndi olemekezeka a Hungary, ngakhale kwa mfumukazi ya ku Romania (palibe amene angati ndi vampire, chabwino?) Sangathe kugwedeza chidwi cha alendo. Zikuwoneka kuti nthambi ya ku Romania ku Transylvania yakhala Dracula's Castle mpaka kalekale. Komabe, chikhalidwe cha zipinda chimapangitsa kuti izi zikhale: mtengo wamtengo wapatali, miyendo yopotoka ya miyendo yomwe siingathandize kuthetsa kumverera kwa Gothic ulemu; kusowa kokongoletsera pafupifupi pafupifupi makoma; mdima wakuda pansi ndi zikopa za nyama zakutchire. Makamaka ochititsa chidwi amazipinda madzulo. "Sindikufuna kusewera ndi zosangalatsa, sindimakopeka ndi dzuŵa lotentha kwambiri, kumene achinyamata amakonda kuchita phwando. Ine sindiri wamng'ono, ndipo mtima wanga, utatha zaka zambiri, wokhumudwa, kukukhumudwitsidwa ndi kukumbukira akufa, sangathe kusangalala. Ndimakonda chete, mdima ndi bata, nthawi zina ndimakhala ndekha ndi maganizo anga "(Dracula, Bram Stoker).
Komabe, mayanjano onsewa adzangoganizira chabe: Prince Dracula sanakhalepo konse mu Bran. Nyumbayi inamangidwa ndi anthu okhalamo ndipo poyamba idakhala ngati malo otetezeka.
N'chifukwa chiyani nthambi inadziwika kuti Castle of Dracula?
M'buku lake, Bram Stoker, kupyolera mwa milomo ya Pulofesa Van Helsing, akuwuza mtsogoleri wotchuka Vlad III Tepes wa Transylvania. Mwachibadwa, okonda malingaliro apamtima nthawi yomweyo anapeza kuti kunali kofunikira kuti ayendere ku Transylvania. Malinga ndi nthano, alendo oyendera maulendo ambiri omwe adayendera nthambi "m'mapazi a bukuli" adawona nyumbayi ndikufuula kuti: "Inde iyi ndi nyumba yomweyi Dracula yochokera m'bukuli!". Palibe zochitika zakale zomwe zathandiza kutsimikizira alendo osiyana. Kuchokera apo, Bran Castle yadziwika yekha monga Castle of Dracula. Transylvania ku Romania yakhala ikugwirizanitsidwa ndi ulamuliro wokhawokha wa Vlad Tepes, ndipo bukuli litatha, Bram Stoker adadziwika kuti ndi malo a vampire Dracula.