Chaka choyamba cha moyo wa munthu watsopanoyu ndi nthawi yofunikira kwambiri pamene maziko a thanzi la mwana ayikidwa, monga njerwa. Ndi chifukwa chake ntchito yaikulu ya amayi ndi abambo ndi kusamalira thanzi la mwanayo. Kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko cha mwanayo, udindo wapadera ndiwopewera mphuno kwa ana, popeza matendawa nthawi zambiri amapezeka ali ndi zaka ziwiri mpaka zaka ziwiri.
Zifukwa za ziphuphu mwa ana
Matendawa, omwe akuphatikizapo kuphwanya thupi la phosphorous-calcium substances, akhoza kusokoneza mapangidwe a ana a mafupa. Ali pangozi ndi ana obadwa kwa amayi a zaka zapakati pa 18 ndi 35 omwe anali ndi zovuta pa mimba, m'mimba, m'magazi ndi matenda a impso. Pa mbali ya mwanayo, zifukwa zoopsya ndi izi:
- kuchepa thupi pobadwa (prematurity) kapena kulemetsa kwambiri (oposa makilogalamu anayi);
- zovuta zoyendetsa galimoto;
- Osakwanira kukhala pamsewu;
- kudya;
- kawirikawiri ARVI ndi chimfine;
- anabadwa mu June-December.
Kukhalapo kwa chinthu chimodzi kapena zingapo sikutanthauza kuti mwana wanu amadwala, koma simuyenera kudalira chifuniro cha mlanduwo - kupewa kupewa kwa ana obadwa kumene sikuvulaza.
Kupewa ziphuphu
Kupewa kwachisawawa kwa ziphuphu kudzathetsa kufunika kwa chithandizo cham'tsogolo. Koma kuyembekezera kubadwa kwa mwana sikoyenera - nthenda ya antenatal prophylaxis ya rickets, yokhala ndi chakudya chokwanira cha mayi woyembekezera, kuyenda mobwerezabwereza mu mpweya wabwino, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi kutenga mavitamini a multivitamin, adzakhala chithandizo chabwino kwambiri. Mu zakudya za mayi wamtsogolo ayenera kukhala ndi mapuloteni okwanira, phosphorous, calcium ndi mavitamini. Yatsamira pa mkaka, mtedza, tchizi, masamba, zipatso, nsomba, nyama yowonda ndi chiwindi cha ng'ombe. Ndipo vitamini wothandiza kwambiri popewera rickets ndi vitamini D. Amapezeka ambiri mu dzira yolk, tuna ndi mafuta a nsomba. Dziperekeni mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti muteteze rickets, ngakhale mavitamini, simungathe kupita nokha, khulupirirani nkhaniyi kwa mayi wamayi.
Kuwoneka bwino kwa ana, omwe amatchedwa postnatal prophylaxis of rickets, akhoza kuchitika kuchokera masabata atatu a zaka. Madokotala a ana amalimbikitsa kupatsa ana obadwa madontho awiri a aquadetrim kapena mankhwala omwewo. Pa nthawi yomweyo, m'pofunika kuyesa kamodzi pamwezi ku Sulkovich, ndiko kuti, kudziwa kuchuluka kwa calcium mu mkodzo. Izi ndizofunikira, popeza kupewa kosavuta kwa ana aang'ono kungayambitse kuwonjezera pa vitamini D, ndipo izi zimawopsyeza zotsatira zoipa.
Ngati pali zotheka kuti mwana adzalandira mavitamini D osakwanira ndipo angathe kudwala, ndiye kuti kupewa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndiko kuti, kusankha mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Zachigawo zofunika
Kulankhula za kudya zakudya zoyenera, ndi bwino kugogomezera zosakaniza za ana pa zakudya zopangira zakudya. Iwo ayenera
Kumayambiriro kwa chakudya choyamba chophatikizira ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la kupewa. Ana amakhulupirira kuti muyenera kuyamba ndi ndiwo zamasamba, kenaka yikani kanyumba tchizi, nyama, mankhwala a mkaka ndi nsomba. Posankha phala tcherani khutu kumapangidwe. Iyenera kukhala ndi calcium, vitamini D ndi phosphorous yomweyo.
Ntchito yochepetsetsa ana m'mabwalo, kuyenda, kayendetsedwe ka madzi, kusambira mpweya ndi maphunziro.
Njira zotetezera zoterezi zingathandize kupewa matenda oopsa.