Chikhumbo chodziwa tsogolo lawo chinalipo nthawi zonse, panali malo osungirako ambuye, komanso akachisi onse. Tsopano Delphic oracle ndi mawu ofotokozera, ndipo ku Greece ichi chiganizocho chimatanthauza malo omwe mungapemphe funso ndi kulosera.
Kodi buku la Delphic ndi liti?
Mkazi wamkazi Gaia anali mwiniwake wa oracle, womwe unali wotetezedwa ndi Python ya chinjoka. Kapangidwe kameneka kanatengedwako koyamba ndi Themis, ndiyeno ndi Phoebe, amene adapereka kwa Apollo. Agogo aamuna adadziŵa kuti kuwuza matsenga motsogoleredwa ndi Pan, adafika ku bwaloli ndipo anakhala mbuye wake yekha, akupha chinjokacho. Pambuyo pake, adangopeza ansembe okha, ndikusandutsa dolphin ndikuuza oyendetsa sitima yomwe adakumana nawo. Ombowa adapita ku Parnassus ndipo anamanga mawu a Delphic, otchedwa chithunzi chomwe Apollo anawonekera kwa iwo.
Thandizo lothandiza kwambiri limeneli linathandiza atumiki a Mulungu wodala kuti adziwike komanso kulemera kwa anthu. Kachisi kunayamba kutchuka, kukongoletsa kwake kudabwitsidwa ndi chuma - kusowa kwa makapu a golide ndi makhalidwe ena sanali. Kalekale, Delphic oracle si malo opatulika okha ndi olosera zamalonda, komanso malo a ndale. Onse olamulira ndi amalonda ankafuna kuti alandire mapangidwe awo, motero asilikali ndi malonda anali m'manja mwa ansembe.
Malingaliro a Delphic - mbiri
Kafukufuku wofukulidwa m'mabwinja anawonetsa kuti chiyambi cha malo opatulikawo akadali mu nthawi yoyambirira ya Chigiriki. Dzuwa lenileni la maziko a akatswiri a mbiriyakale ndi lovuta kutchula, likukhulupirira kuti mawu olembedwa ku Delphi anawonekera pakati pa zaka za zana la 10 ndi 9 BC. M'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chiwiri tchalitchi cha miyala chinamangidwa, chomwe chinatenthedwa mu 548 BC, chinalowetsedwa ndi nyumba yokongola mu chikhalidwe cha Dorian. Pakhala zaka 175 chivomezi chisanayambe, nyumba yatsopano inamangidwa pakati pa zaka 369 ndi 339 BC, mabwinja ake akuwerengedwa tsopano ndi ochita kafukufuku. Nthawi yabwino inachitikira m'zaka za m'ma 700 mpaka 5 BC. Kachisi potsiriza anatsekedwa mu 279 AD.
Wansembe wa Delphic oracle
Poyamba, maulosi anaperekedwa kokha pa tsiku lobadwa la Apollo, ndiye pa 7 pa mwezi uliwonse, ndiyeno tsiku lirilonse. M'kachisi wa Delphic oracle, aliyense analoledwa, kupatula achifwamba. Asanayambe mankhwalawa funsolo liyenera kutsata ndondomeko ya kuyeretsa. Pythia ankalosera, ndipo iwo ankamasuliridwa ndi ansembe. Mkazi aliyense, ngakhale mkazi wokwatiwa, akhoza kukhala pythia, koma atatha kutenga udindo iye ankafunidwa chiyero ndi kupembedza kwa Apollo. Asanayambe ntchitoyi, wansembe wachisambayo adzisambitsa ndikumveka zovala zake za golide.
The Delphic oracle inaperekedwa ndi mankhwala ozunguza bongo, omwe Pythia anawamasulira kuti abatizidwe m'tsogolomu. Mwachisangalalo iye sakanakhoza kuyankhula momveka, kotero wotanthauzira anali wofunikira, wokhoza kupereka tanthauzo kwa mawu onse omwe ankanenedwa. Olemba akale adatha kulembera maulosi ochuluka, ena anali konkire, ena anali achinyengo.
Delphic oracle ndi Socrates
Nyumba ndi nthawi zakale zinapeza zolemba pamakoma, mawu a Apollo ku Delphi akhoza kudzitamandira mawu akuti "Dzidziwe wekha." Wolemba mabuku adatchulidwa ndi aphunzitsi osiyana, Plato adanena kuti mawu mu mphatso kwa mulungu wowala akuperekedwa ndi oganiza asanu ndi awiri. Ndipo Socrates ananena kuti mawu awa anamtsogolera iye ku njira ya filosofi ya filosofi, zotsatira za zomwe zinali zotsutsika za kudziwika pakati pa munthu ndi moyo, iye amatcha thupi kukhala chida. Choncho, podziwa kudzidziwa, munthu ayenera kufufuza moyo wake.
Delphic oracle - maulosi
Osati maulosi onsewa adatsikira m'mbiri, zotsatirazi ndizodziwikiratu.
- Kuwoloka mtsinje Galis, iwe udzawononga ufumu wawukulu . Ulosi woterewu unalandiridwa ndi Croesus panthawi ya nkhondo ndi Persia. Iye anawononga ufumuwo, koma wakewake, ndipo ansembe poyankha mkwiyowo adayankha kuti mu ulosi dzina la chipambano sichinali.
- Limbani ndi nthungo za siliva . Delphic oracle ananeneratu kuti adzagonjetsa Filipo ku Makedoniya pankhondo iliyonse pamaso mwa njira zimenezi. Anali imodzi mwa ndalama zoyambirira zopangidwa ndi golidi zomwe zinatsegula zipata za nsanja iliyonse ya Chigiriki, yomwe imaonedwa ngati yopanda malire.