Mitundu yonse yamapangidwe yopangidwa ndi mikanda - imodzi mwa zibangili zakale kwambiri. Zotengera zoyamba zatifikira ife kuyambira masiku akale a Aigupto - panthawi yomweyi, pamene anthu adaphunzira kupanga galasi, palinso mikanda ikuluikulu yokhazikika podutsa. Mwa awa, monga tsopano, iwo ankamanga zingwe, anafutukula zovala za ambuye olemekezeka. Pambuyo pake, ambuye anayamba kuyesa ndikuyesa mwayi watsopano wogwiritsa ntchito mikanda - miyambo ndi maonekedwe anawonekera. Iwo ankawaphatikiza iwo ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali ndi yopanda malire, yokhala ndi zitsulo. Posakhalitsa mikwingwirima inadzakhala yotchuka kwambiri komanso yofunidwa kwambiri moti inapita ku mayiko ena.
M'zaka zamakedzana za ku Ulaya, chida cha mikanda sichinali chofanana ndi tsopano. Poyamba, zida zanyanja zokhala ndizitali zinapangidwa, kenako zidakonzedwa palimodzi. Masiku ano, njirayi yatsala pang'ono kutha - zonsezi zili ndi ulusi umodzi kapena mzere.
Mitundu ya ma harni kuchokera ku mikanda
- Kujambula kwachikale . Ali ndi nsalu yosavuta komanso yofala kwambiri. Ndibowo losalala, lofewa, losinthasintha lopangidwa ndi mikanda. Ma harchi akale akhoza kukhala osiyana kwambiri ndi maonekedwe ndi makulidwe. Chirichonse chimadalira pakumverera ndi kumverera kwa mbuye kapena kasitomala.
- Openwork harness . Monga momwe mungaganizire kuchokera pamutuwu, zilembozi sizimangowonongeka, koma zimakhala ndi mipata, chifukwa chomwe mankhwala onse amawonekera mowala komanso mopanda malire. Choncho, kutsegulira kotsegulidwa kuchokera ku mikanda kumakhala kosavuta komanso kosasintha kusiyana ndi nthawi zonse.
- Tsamba lofufuzira . Fomu iyi ikuwonekera kwambiri. Kupukuta ndi kovuta, choncho mtengo wa zinthu zoterewu ukhoza kukhala wapamwamba kwambiri. Pokhapokha, chophweka chophweka chogwiritsira ntchito chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono. Kawirikawiri zimapangidwa ndi zovuta zomangira mkanda, ndipo zimakhala ndi miyala komanso zachilengedwe.
- Kupitilira maulendo oyendayenda (komanso kuwonetsa) . Kupukuta uku ndi kokongola kwambiri. Osati kokha kuti mawonekedwe a mankhwalawa ndi oyambirira, ambuye amachitanso izo mosiyana mitundu. Koma izi sizikwanira - kuchokera ku matumba osokonezeka, komanso kuchokera ku malo ozungulira, atatu-dimensional wokongola mitsempha. Momwe mawonekedwe akugwirizanirana ndi mawonekedwe otseguka kwa mawonekedwe oyambirira. Kupotoza kungakhale kolimba, koma kungakhale kofewa, "kutsika".
- Shaggy tourniquet . Chida ichi chikuwoneka chovuta kwambiri, chowopsa, ndipo ndi zosavuta kuposa wina aliyense kuti ayende. Dzina lake likuwonekeratu kuti zofufuzira sizowonongeka, koma ngati ngati fluffy. Zojambula zabwino kwambiri, kumene mikanda imakhudzidwa mosiyanasiyana ndi kukula kwake, kapena ikuphatikizidwa ndi zipangizo zina - masamba, mikanda, maluwa ochepa. Pogwiritsa ntchito nsalu iyi, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kwambiri.
- Turkey harness . Mosiyana ndi zina, zimapangidwa ndi kuthandizidwa ndi ndowe. Zili choncho ndi mikanda ndi mikanda yosiyana siyana.
Zogulitsa kwambiri
Patsulo la zingwe . Zitha kukhala zosakwatiwa - kutanthauza kuti, kuchokera ku thumba laling'ono, kapena kukulunga mkono mobwerezabwereza - ngati ulendo wautali umakhala wotalika. Zokongola ndi zoyambirira zojambula zibangili zochokera kumatumba angapo, zopotoka palimodzi kapena zomangidwa mu nsalu. Kawirikawiri amakongoletsedwa ndi mapiritsi.
Chinsalu-tourniquet kuchokera ku mikanda . Chombo chimodzi chokwera pamtambo chimaphatikizapo kalembedwe ka Chirasha, koma miyendo yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yowala imatitumizira ife kale ku mafano apamwamba ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali. Mizendo ya mikanda ikupitiriza mutu wa zokongoletsera zitatu - miyala yayikulu imayikidwa mmenemo, ndipo m'lifupi mwake kufika pa masentimita 10.
Zitsanzo za mikanda yabwino ya mikanda:
- geometrical;
- chinyama;
- maluwa;
- chithunzi;
- mitu (dziko la mbendera, chipale chofewa ndi zina zotero);
- selo;
- kupatula;
- ombre.
Ndipo iyi ndi gawo laling'ono chabe la zomwe lero zimapangidwa ndi amisiri ojambula zinthu padziko lonse lapansi. Ndipo lingaliro lawo, monga kudzoza, liri losatha!
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